Appendix
8.1. Appendix 1: WTC Emergency - Standard Map Products – September to December, 2001
(Numbers are not consecutive)
| Standard Map Product | Description |
| 01 – World Trade Center Area, Morning of September 10, 2001 | Orthophoto of WTC site and surrounding blocks. 1996 flyover. Streets labeled. |
| 02 – World Trade Center Area, 9/15 | 9/15/01 flyover, photo of site with smoke. |
| 03 - NYC Basemap Aerial Photography (1996) Lower Manhattan | 1996 orthophoto, same as 01, but panned further out |
| 05 - World Trade Center Area of Operations 10/25/2001 | Planimetric features showing building footprints and outline of restricted area around WTC site |
| 06 – New York City | Map of entire city showing major roads and parks |
| 11 – Downtown Manhattan | Scan of commercially produced map of downtown showing building footprints and building name and address, street names, subway lines, etc. |
| 13 - 42 Street to Battery Park | Simple line map of streets below 42 Street |
| 27 - Ground Zero with 2 Block Radius | 1996 orthophoto, similar to 01 and 03, slightly different zoom |
| 30 - Aerial Photo WTC & Immediate Area (before) | 1996 orthophoto, similar to 01, 03, and 27, slightly different zoom |
| 33 (Con Ed) - ConEd Status as of xx/xx/01 | Showing boundaries of areas without electric service or “steam” service provided by Con Edison Electric |
| 33 (Telephone) - Telephone Outages as of xx:xxAM, xx/xx/01 | Showing boundaries of area without telephone service provided by Verizon |
| 33 (Water) - Water Outages as of xx/xx/01 | Showing boundaries of area with no water available, showing water main breaks |
| 36 - PEDESTRIAN AND VEHICULAR TRAFFIC RESTRICTIONS Effective Since xx.xx.2002 |
Showing boundaries of restricted areas, with particular restrictions, etc., labeled for each sector |
| 37 - PEDESTRIAN AND VEHICULAR TRAFFIC RESTRICTIONS WITH ACCESS POINTS Effective Since xx.xx.2001 | Similar to 36, zoomed in closer to Ground Zero, and showing pedestrian check points for entry to restricted area |
| 41 - Subway Service and Station Closures Effective as of xx:xx AM Xxx. xxth Lower Manhattan (Subject to Revisions) |
Showing status of subway stations (open or closed) in Lower Manhattan |
| 44 - 3D Analysis of WTC Debris - xx/xx/2001 (LIDAR) | Color LIDAR imagery of the debris field on WTC site |
| 46 - Ground Zero Conditions xx/xx/01 | Orthophoto as of xx date showing thermal imagery overlay |
| 52 - Status of Properties Used by City Government | Status (open, closed, destroyed) of buildings with City offices, indicating owned or leased |
| 60 – Various Station Sites | Showing various things, including DMAT, tool sheds, truck wash station, food stations, command posts, etc. |
| 61 - Major River Crossing Status as of xx:xx AM, xx/xx/01 |
Indicating which bridges and tunnels into Manhattan were open and with what restrictions |
| 70 – Orthophoto with Thermal Overlay WTC Area - xx/xx/01 |
Daily updated flyover with thermal hot spots indicated |
| 71 - NYS DEC Petroleum Bulk Storage Inspections Completed as of: xx/xx/01 | Showing locations of fuel tanks, spills, etc. in WTC area |
| 72 - Parks-Recreation and CUNY Facilities | Major Parks facilities and City University campuses throughout the city |
| 73 - Building Conditions as of xx/xx/01 (as per DOB) | Indicating which buildings are damaged, destroyed, etc. |
Source: James McConnell, NYC OEM GIS Manager
8.2. Appendix 2
List of People Interviewed
- Andy Brucewicz, USACE
- Stan Ballard, ESF#3 Team Leader
- Mike Beaird, ESF#3 Team Leader
- Ron Langhelm, GIS Coordinator, FEMA Region X
- Kevin Carlock, USACE Rock Island District, worked with FEMA ESF #5
- Eric Morrison, USACE Omaha District, worked with FEMA ESF #5
- Mark Wingate, USACE San Francisco, SPD Natural Disaster Program Manager, USACE US&R SS Team Manager
- Stephen McDevitt, USACE NY District, GIS Specialist
- Nancy Blyler, USACE HQ, GIS Specialist
- Leslie Weiner-Leandro, Chief of Enterprise GIS, FEMA
- John Murray, FEMA Technology Expert
- Tom Porter, USACE LNO to the City of NY
- Paul Katzer, GIS Program Manager, NYC Parks and Natural Recreation Natural Resources Group
- Alan Leidner, Assistant Commissioner for GIS for NYC Dept. of IT
- Jim McConnell, NYC OEM GIS Manager
- Ann Clements, Executive Director, Brainstorm Computer Animated Solutions, LLC
- Jiri Boudnik, Brainstorm
8.3. Appendix 3: Survey Questions
Core Questions:
- What Geospatial Technology (GT) (GIS, Remote Sensing, spatially explicit modeling), are you aware of, that was used at the WTC response in NYC for engineering and public works, in support to information and planning (ESF #5) and in support to urban search and rescue (ESF #9) related tasks? By which organizations were these technologies used?
For each of the technologies:
- What was the product (model, physical/electronic map, imagery etc.)? Explain.
- What purpose did it serve?
- Was it readily available? If not, which agency/company developed it and how was it developed?
- Please rate the following attributes according to a scale shown
below (and explain):
Unsatisfactory - 1
Somewhat satisfactory - 2
Neutral - 3
Fairly Satisfactory - 4
Very Satisfactory - 5
Timeliness of the product (Did it serve its purpose at the time when it was needed?)
Accuracy of the results
Ease of use
Decision support capability
Usefulness (Did it serve its intended purpose?)
- What were the successes of using this technology? Explain.
- What were the impediments of using it? In other words, what problems were encountered using this technology and how could they be improved?
- Is the use of this technology applicable to other disasters and/or localities and/or different scales?
Supporting Data/Databases:
- What was the source of supporting data? How was it obtained? If you bought data, what data did you buy and for what purpose? Was the data useful? Was the data compatible with your applications?
- How was this data shared across organizations? Was there a data clearinghouse? And how was this data transmitted to the field level?
Additional Technical Questions:
- If applicable, what role did remotely-sensed imagery play in GIS data layer creation?
- Was imagery used in other applications than data creation?
- What data gaps inhibited response and recovery operations?
- Did decision-makers prefer hard-copy or soft-copy products?
- What were standard procedural work-flows?
Specific Questions:
USACE:
- Were there geospatial technology products available? If so, how did you use them? How could they be improved?
- What was the quality of the data?
- What data do you need before an event? What are the sources of these data?
- How is this data updated? (frequency, procedures)
- Should you store the data, or obtain it once an event has occurred?
- Is there resistance to data sharing from non- commercial sources?
- What were the security issues for data and the resulting information?
- How did the limited geographic scope of the WTC event influence the use of GT?
- The Corps role in WTC was limited to structural investigation, Deployable Tactical Operations System (DTOS) deployment, debris removal, and disposal site management. How did mission scope relate to GT applications?
- In retrospect, how might GT have been used but was not?
Disaster Field Office:
- Did information flow between NYC GT operations and the FEMA ESF#5 cell?
- Were NYC GT products used by other ESF cells?
- What was the FEMA contribution in the GT arena?
- What was the USACE contribution in the GT arena?
- Did any other federal agency provide GT support?
- What was the role of the local GT community?
- What USACE ESF#3 Team Leader decision making processes were informed by the GT products and analyses?
- In retrospect, how might GT have been used but was not?
Emergency Response and Recovery Office/ North Atlantic Division/ HQUSACE (UOC)/ HQ FEMA (EST)
- Who, if anyone, provided GT support?
- What products and analyses were produced?
- What decision-making processes were informed by the GT products and analyses?
- In retrospect, how might GT have been used but was not?
