- Aday, Sean
- Atkins, Patricia
- Augustine, Nancy
- Bell, Michael
- Brunori, David
- Clarke, Lindsay
- Cordes, Joseph
- Friedman, Samantha
- Friedman, Julia
- Green, Richard
- Joyce, Phil
- Keeley, Melissa
- Kubrin, Charis
- Maltzman, Forrest
- Murphy, Teresa
- Sigelman, Lee
- Snyder, Chris
- Squires, Gregory
- Stone, Clarence
- Wilnat, Lar
- Wiseman, Michael
- Wolman, Hal
- Young, Garry
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Research - Royce Hanson
This page features research funded through GWIPP and performed by Royce Hanson.
Title: The Ingredients for Successful and Vibrant Cities
Researcher(s): Hal Wolman, Royce Hanson, Pamela Blumenthal, Nancy Y. Augustine (GWIPP) and Ned Hill (Cleveland State University) Funding Source: CEOs for Cities
Research Status: Ongoing
What are the ingredients that go into making a city successful? What public policy processes, investment strategies, and political actions are required to support the ingredients for city success? Affiliates of CEOs for Cities, a network of elected and appointed officials and business leaders in American cities, are being asked these questions to provide insight on the policies that help cities achieve success and help prioritize the allocation of political energy, capital, and financial resources to promote city renewal.
Title: What Difference Does Representation Make?
Researcher(s): Garry Young, Hal Wolman, and Royce Hanson (GWIPP)
Funding Source: Trellis Foundation
Research Status: Current
Summary:
Viable representation in Congress is a key goal for many citizens of the District of Columbia. Yet, the debate over representation lacks some specifics. What will be the substantive effect of representation? How will the District’s influence over Congress change and how will this change in influence alter public policies directly relevant to the District? These are questions the proposed project seeks to answer. In the project we will consider several different possible forms of District representation. We will then evaluate those forms in regard to their likely impact on policy benefits through legislation (passed or stopped) and fiscal allocation. We will also consider the impact of representation in other areas such as the congressional ombuds role, oversight of executive branch regulation, and the symbolic importance of representation.
Title: Foreign Capital Cities and Their Relation ship to the National Government: What Washington, DC Can Learn
Researcher(s): Hal Wolman, Royce Hanson, and Garry Young (GWIPP)
Funding Source: Trellis Foundation
Research Status: Current
Summary:
The District of Columbia, as the capital of the United States, is in a unique set of circumstances with respect to other American cities, but it is not unique in the world. All countries have capital cities and they face many of the same problems as does Washington, DC. The object of this study is to determine what can be learned from these other cities and their relationship to their national governments that is relevant to the circumstances of Washington, DC and that will better inform the debate about the issues related to Washington's role as a capital city.
Title: Promoting Bicycling in Three Metropolitan Washington Counties
Researcher(s): Royce Hanson and Garry Young
Funding Source: Active Living Research, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Research Status: Current
Summary:
There is increasing evidence that the built environment of communities can inhibit or enhance activity levels among all age groups. A key aspect of the built environment is provision of facilities and opportunities for bicycling, which has long been recognized as an activity with important health benefits. Yet the quality of bicycling facilities varies dramatically from community to community as some communities have recently developed high quality bicycling assets while other communities demonstrate very little progress in this regard. The cause of this variance remains unstudied.
This project consists of comparative case studies of policy changes in three counties of Metropolitan Washington-Arlington (VA), Fairfax (VA), and Montgomery (MD)-that have resulted in significantly different levels of bicycling facilities in each county despite a common metropolitan environment and many shared characteristics among the three counties. The study will explain how significant differences in the county policies evolved, why different policy tools were chosen, and the consequences of those choices.
Title: State and Local Infrastructure Financing
Researchers: David Brunori, Michael Bell, Royce Hanson, Changyong Choi, Lori Metcalf, and Bing Yuan
Funding source: National Center for Real Estate Research, National Association of Realtors
Research Status: Completed
Summary:
The report consists of four parts: The first part presents data on aggregate state and local infrastructure spending – for the nation and for the 50 individual states. For this purposes we define infrastructure to include highways (including streets and bridges), mass transit, air transportation, water transportation, water supply and sewerage. We collect and report spending trends for each category of infrastructure, including total spending by category and capital spending by category, for the most recent year available (2002). The second part examines recent trends in federal intergovernmental assistance to state and local governments for infrastructure purposes. The third part is a literature review in order to develop a general understanding of the various financing mechanism used by state and local governments to finance infrastructure spending. The concluding part is an extensive literature review of the mechanisms available to state and local governments to undertake prioritization of infrastructure needs.
Title: Corporate Citizenship and Urban Problem Solving: The Changing Civic Role of Business Leaders in American Cities
Researchers: Royce Hanson, David Connolly, Hal Wolman
Funding Source: The Brookings Institution
Research Status: Completed
Summary:
Historically, business leaders have played a major role in the building, rebuilding, and public policy of major American cities. However, recent urban literature has frequently asserted that there has been increasing disengagement of corporate leaders from civic efforts. In this study we identified and documented common patterns in the changes that have occurred in corporate citizenship and executive participation in civic affairs; analyzed factors that explain these changes in the structure, management, and organizational culture of firms; conducted two intensive case studies (Baltimore and Cleveland) that describe the responses of business leaders and their peak civic organizations to changes in membership, public leadership and agendas, and economic and social circumstances; and draw lessons that can be applied by business and political leaders seeking to establish and maintain public-private coalitions that are effective in resolving critical urban problems.
Title: Defining and Measuring Sprawl
Researcher(s): Hal Wolman and Royce Hanson (GWIPP), George Galster (Wayne State) and Mike Ratcliffe (Census Bureau).
Funding Source: Fannie Mae Foundation
Research Status: Completed
Summary:
The project reviewed the literature on sprawl and concluded that it was a poorly defined and ambiguous concept. It then defined sprawl conceptually and operationalized it as seven patterns of land use, each of which consisted of a continuum ranging from very sprawl-like to very unsprawl-like. Each of these dimensions was then operationalized so that it could be calculated for urbanized areas. As an illustration, calculations on each of the dimensions were made for 13 urbanized areas and a standardized sprawl score was calculated for each. The results were published in Housing Policy Debate (“Wrestling Sprawl to the Ground: Defining and Measuring an Elusive Concept. 2001, v. 12 # 4)
Title: Improving the Measurement of Sprawl
Researcher(s): Hal Wolman, Royce Hanson, Kimberly Furdell, and Andrea Sarzynski (GWIPP), George Galster (Wayne State) and Mike Ratcliffe (Census Bureau).
Funding Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Research Status: Completed
Summary:
Current efforts to measure sprawl suffer from two serious problems. First, neither the Urbanized Area nor the Metropolitan Statistical Area are appropriate areas for assessing sprawl; the first underbounds the area over which sprawl might occur and the second overbounds it. The project developed and provided means of measuring an Extended Urban Area (EUA) as a more appropriate unit of geography for measuring sprawl. Second, most measures of sprawl include all land in the area (including bodies of water), regardless of whether the land is developable. Using satellite imagery from the USGS National land cover Data Base, the project calculated sprawl measures after excluding developable land and compared these measures for several EUAs to the same measures including all land. Important differences were found on some dimensions. An article based on this, “The Fundamental Should be Considered,” is forthcoming in Professional Geographer.
Title: Ranking Areas by Dimensions of Sprawl Researcher(s): Hal Wolman & Royce Hanson (GWIPP), George Galster & Jackie Cutsinger (Wayne State)
Funding Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Research Status: Completed
Summary:
The project measured sprawl on seven dimensions for a sample of 50 of the largest US Extended Urban Areas. It then applied factor analysis to derive a set of factors combining the dimensions and calculated the “sprawl” scores for each of the 50 areas for each of the factors. A paper, “Verifying Sprawl’s Distinct Dimensions,” was presented at the 2004 meeting of the Urban Affairs Association, Washington, DC, on April 2, 2004.
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