Guide
for
Graduate
Students
in
Chemistry
725
21st Street, N.W.
Corcoran
Hall, Room 107
Washington,
D.C. 20052
202-994-6121
phone
202-994-5873
fax
gwchem@gwu.edu
http://www.gwu.edu/~gwchem/
For general
information pertaining to the Chemistry Department and the regulations of the
Columbian School of Arts and Sciences, see the current edition of the
University Bulletin (Catalogue) and the Student Handbook of the Columbian
School of Arts and Sciences.
It is the students
responsibility to be aware of the information in the Bulletin, in the Student
Handbook and in this Guide.
updated 8/30/04 MJW
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Curriculum
Ph.D. Curriculum
1. Courses
2. Special Departmental
Requirements
3. The General Examination
Ph.D. Dissertations
Seminars
Consortium Courses
II. M.S.
Curriculum
M.S. Comprehensive Examinations
M.S. Theses
Non-Thesis M.S
Science Technology and
Public Policy
III.
Miscellaneous
Desk and Laboratory Assignments
Mailboxes
Keys
Bulletin Boards
E-mail Accounts
IV. Safety
V. Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTA's) and Other TA's
VI. Selection of a Research Advisor
VII. Formation and Role of the Doctoral Committee
Appendix I (Reprint Article)
Appendix II (Who Has
the Answers?)
Appendix III (Guidelines for Cumulative Exams)
Analytical Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
I. Curriculum
Your academic
progress during your stay at GWU may seem at times to be a confusing obstacle
course. The material collected in this section is meant to at least clarify the
maze. Whether you are in the Ph.D. or MS program, to get your degree you must :
take and pass a set of core courses
take and pass a series of
examinations
satisfy departmental "special
requirements". These include demonstrating proficiency in computer
programming and presenting two seminars
attend all departmental seminars
The details of these
requirements are presented below.
Ph.D. Curriculum
1. Courses
a. The "Core"
courses
Each student develops a
program of studies in consultation with their doctoral committee and subject to
the approval of the Graduate Affairs Committee and the Dean. Any changes in the
program of studies made at a later date are also subject to the approval of the
Graduate Affairs Committee and the Dean. The program of studies must include:
1) a minimum of 5
graduate (200 and above) level courses taken at GW or equivalent courses offered
by another university.
2) at least 4 courses chosen from the 200 level courses which are
"core" courses as described in (4) below, of which at least 3 must be
offered by the chemistry department. Equivalent courses offered by another
university may be substituted for any or all of these 4 courses at the
discretion of the Graduate Affairs Committee. This requirement can not be
fulfilled by achievement on the placement exams.
3) at least 2 graduate (200 and above) level courses must be taken outside of
the subdiscipline of the student, in at least 2 other
subdisciplines/disciplines. As with (2) above, equivalent courses offered by
another university may be substituted at the discretion of the Graduate Affairs
Committee.
4) Courses designated as core are as follows:
|
Course #
|
Title
|
Subdiscipline
|
|
Chem 207
|
Chemical Bonding
|
Physical
|
|
Chem 213
|
Chemical Thermodynamics
|
Physical
|
|
Chem 218
|
Molecular Spectroscopy
|
Physical
|
|
Chem 221
|
Spectrochemical Analysis
|
Analytical
|
|
Chem 222
|
Ions Wet and Dry
|
Analytical
|
|
Chem 235
|
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry I
|
Inorganic
|
|
Chem 236
|
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry II
|
Inorganic
|
|
Chem 238
|
Chemistry of Inorganic Materials
|
Inorganic
|
|
Chem 251
|
Advanced Organic Chemistry I
|
Organic
|
|
Chem 252
|
Advanced Organic Chemistry II
|
Organic
|
|
Chem 257
|
Physical Organic Chemistry
|
Organic
|
|
Chem 259
|
Polymer Chemistry
|
Organic
|
5) An average of "B" (3.00/4.00) or better is required in the core
curriculum to advance to candidacy.
b. Advising of incoming
graduate students
The Graduate Affairs
Committee advises graduate students until a choice of doctoral advisor has been
made, their doctoral committee has been formed and reported to the Graduate
Affairs Committee (see sections VI and VII). Advising of incoming students
should be done after placement exam scores are known. Students may be required
to take remedial undergraduate coursework after taking into account placement
results and other relevant information concerning the student's undergraduate
background in chemistry. Any undergraduate course the Graduate Affair Committee
assigns to the student must be completed prior to graduation unless a waiver is
requested from and granted by the Graduate Affairs Committee.
Prior to the formation of
a doctoral committee, courses should be chosen after consultation between the
Graduate Affairs Committee and the student concerning their choice of
sub-discipline and the perceived relevance of the course offerings to the
student's educational/career goals.
c. The Graduate
Affairs Committee may require up to 9 additional semester hours of formal
courses in Chemistry or related fields. Nonetheless, the department expects
students to begin their research work within 6 months after admission to the
program.
2. Special
Departmental Requirements
a. Computer
Programming. Each student must be able to program in at least one
structured computer language, e.g. Basic, FORTRAN, Pascal, or "C".
This requirement may be satisfied by an approved course, such as CSci 100, Stat
129, or any higher-level computer programming course having one of these
courses as a prerequisite, or by a test administered by the Graduate Committee.
b. Seminar
Presentations. Each student must present at least two seminars. Each
student must present at least two seminars. The first seminar should be from 25
- 30 minutes long on a topic from the literature or may be preliminary results
from their research and must be given prior to the end of their fourth semester
in the program. The second seminar is an hour-long seminar on the research, and
is given a few months prior to the Ph.D. defense.
c. Writing
Skills. Competency in writing technical material is expected of all
graduate students. Evidence of this ability will be obtained by periodic review
of the student's research reports, examinations, papers for classes, seminar
abstracts, and other material. In the event of inadequate performance, a
student may be required to take a course in technical writing. Students are
encouraged to make use of campus resources, such as the Writing Center, for
help in achieving this goal.
3. The General
Examination
The "General Examination" requirement described
in the Bulletin is replaced by a two-part requirement consisting of a
cumulative examination system and a Candidacy Exam. These requirements reflect
the idea that course grades and research accomplishments are not a sufficient
basis for awarding the Ph.D. degree.
Entrance into the candidacy cannot normally be approved until after
completion of the General Examination.
Only 6 semester hours of Dissertation Research (Chem 399) may be taken
before completion of the General Examination.
a. Cumulative Examinations.
Cumulative examinations are a means of determining
that students have reached a particular level of understanding of the broad
principles of their subdiscipline and can apply those principles to different
problems in their subdiscipline. These examinations are also a vehicle for
demonstrating an ability to read the literature of a subdiscipline critically
and for assessing some level of familiarity with the current literature of a
particular subdiscipline. Each subdiscipline will provide Guidelines that
define their Core knowledge, Major Exam Topics and Recent Literature which they
may be drawn upon.
The examinations are begun at the beginning of the 3rd
semester in the program, although they may be begun earlier if so desired.
Students normally take the examinations in their major field, but may elect (in
consultation with their research advisor and the Doctoral Committee) to take
examinations in other fields. For each examination points are assigned as
follows: Pass - 2 points Low pass - 1 point Fail - 0 This requirement is
completed when the student has accumulated a total of 10 points in 7
examinations or 12 points in 10 examinations. Students are disqualified from
the Ph.D. program if they have accumulated less than 12 points after 10 exams.
b. Candidacy Exam.
A Candidacy Exam is required of all Ph.D. students in
chemistry. The purpose of this requirement is to demonstrate the students
readiness to proceed with and complete their dissertation. The exam must be taken before the end
of the students fourth semester in the program (i.e. the spring semester of the
second year of study for students who first enroll in the fall semester and do
not take a leave of absence). The
date and time of each exam will be determined by the Chemistry Department
Office in consultation with the Ph.D. research advisor and doctoral
committee. Failure to take the
Candidacy Exam prior to the completion of the fourth semester in the program
will result in termination from the Ph.D. program, unless a specific exception
is granted by the Graduate Affairs Committee. Petitions for an exception must be signed by the student and
his/her research advisor and presented to the Chair of the Graduate Affairs
Committee. Significant (greater
than 30 days) delays should be granted only in the case of serious illness or
other severe circumstance. It is
recognized that the timing of the Candidacy Exam will often overlap with the
cumulative exams. The Graduate
Affairs Committee should not grant extensions based on the students progress in
the Cumulative Exams.
Candidacy Exam:
Procedure for Fulfilling the Requirement
The student develops a Ph.D. dissertation research
plan in consultation with his/her dissertation director. The student must submit the title of
the research plan as well as the names of the doctoral committee members to the
Departmental Office on or before the first day of classes during the fourth
semester in the program. The
office will use this information to schedule the Candidacy Exam. In principle, the Candidacy Exam my be
scheduled at any time during the students fourth semester in the program,
however, in practice it should be scheduled in the final month of the semester
if possible. However, the student
should consult with the Department Office and the research advisor to
anticipate any need to have the exam completed earlier in the term.
Prior to the Candidacy Exam, the student must
write a Ph.D. research plan. The plan should include the research objective,
the results of related research that have been reported in the literature,
detailed descriptions of the experimental and/or theoretical work that would be
performed, preliminary results that the student has obtained and how this work
will fulfill the research objective(s).
The plan must not exceed ten pages for the entire document, including
figures and appendices, etc., with the exception of the reference section,
which may be included on additional pages at the end of the document. The student may consult with his/her
research advisor when writing the plan, however, the plan must be the original
work of the student.
The research plan must be printed on
standard 8 1/2" x 11" (216 mm x 279 mm) paper and have 1 (2.5-cm)
margins at the top, bottom and on each side. The type size must be clear and
readily legible, no smaller than 10 point. If constant spacing is used, there
should be no more than 12 characters per 2.5 cm, whereas proportional spacing
should provide no more than an average of 15 characters per 2.5 cm. While line spacing (single-spaced,
double-spaced, etc.) is at the discretion of the writer; established page
limits must be followed and there also must be no more than 6 lines in a
vertical space of 2.5 cm. The original copy should be printed only on one side
of each sheet. Copies of the
proposal given to the doctoral committee members may be printed on both
sides.
After the plan has been approved by the dissertation
director for readability (i.e. organization, style and syntax), an original,
unbound copy of the proposal must be submitted to the Department Office and
stapled copies to the members of the doctoral committee. The completed document must be in the
mailboxes of the members of the Ph.D. committee and in the possession of the Department
Office at least seven calendar days before the scheduled oral examination. The Departmental Office should notify
all faculty members that the research plan has been submitted and make copies
available to faculty upon request.
Attendance at the Candidacy Exam is
limited to the student taking the examination and the faculty; the research
advisor and members of the student's doctoral committee must be present. The
initial 20-30 minutes of the presentation is reserved for an oral presentation
with appropriate media that summarizes the proposal, whereupon the floor is
open to questions and discussion.
Any faculty member present may take part in the examination. After the
oral presentation and discussion the committee consults with the other faculty members
attending in executive session and then assigns a grade of Pass or Fail for the
written research plan and the presentation. The committee may require
additional coursework or other appropriate requirements to ensure a students
preparation for dissertation research, regardless of the outcome of the
exam. If a grade of Fail is
awarded, the committee may, at its discretion, opt to allow the student to
rewrite the plan and/or undergo re-examination within one month. No more than one grade of Fail for this
requirement is permitted.
Ph.D. Dissertations
Available at the
Graduate Student Services office are copies of the pamphlet: Information
Concerning Theses and Dissertations. This booklet provides guidelines about
form, style, and methods of reproduction. Instructions about the final oral
examination are included. These guidelines and instructions should be followed
closely.
The Department of
Chemistry expects that a full-time student should complete the dissertation
oral examination within three years after completion of the General
Examination; four years will normally be allowed for a part-time student.
A copy of the ACS
Style Guide may be borrowed from the Department Office, COR 107. This
provides more specific information directed toward writers of chemistry papers
(or theses/dissertations), such as chemical nomenclature, copyright policy,
format for reference citations, oral presentations, etc.
Doctoral
dissertations and master's theses may be produced on a computer word processor,
provided the print and paper quality meets GSAS requirements. Computer time,
technical assistance, and short courses on the use of the terminals and text
processing languages are available at the Computer and Information Resources
Center. Interested students should contact the User Services Office (x4-6139)
of the Computer Center for further information and application forms.
Seminars
As noted in the
University Bulletin, all graduate students are required to participate in the
seminar program. In addition to seminars given by outside speakers, two
seminars are presented by each graduate student during his/her residence in the
graduate program.
The first seminar,
about 30-50 minutes in length, is based on a literature search, or on
preliminary results of the student's research. This seminar must be given prior
to the end of the fourth semester in the program.
The second seminar,
about one hour in duration, is based on the results of the student's
dissertation or thesis research (or Chem 298 topic) and is given shortly (a few
months) before dissertation or thesis defense. An abstract (about 50 words)
should be prepared to accompany the announcement of each student seminar.
Consortium
Courses
All students should
be aware of the opportunity to take courses at any of the other universities in
the Consortium of the Universities of the Washington Metropolitan Area, Inc.
Other Consortium members with graduate programs in chemistry are: American
University, Catholic University of America, George Mason University, Georgetown
University, Howard University, and the University of Maryland. Current catalogs
of the graduate courses at these institutions can be obtained by direct request
or they are usually available for examination at the reference desk of the
G.W.U. Gelman Library. Current schedules of classes are available for reference
at the Registrar's Office in Rice Hall. Consortium registration forms and
instructions for Consortium registration may be obtained from the Consortium
registration coordinator in the Office of the Registrar. Department approval by
the Graduate Adviser is required, and approval will normally be limited to
either courses not offered or available at G.W.U. or to cases where scheduling
problems prohibit a student from taking the equivalent course(s) here. All
approved Consortium courses must be added to the student's program of studies.
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II.
M.S. Curriculum
For the master's
degree, The following should be the set of five (5) core courses: Chem 207,
Chem 213, Chem 221, Chem 235 and Chem 251. (SEE ALSO Ph.D. CURRICULUM ON PAGE
3). In addition to either Chem 213 or Chem 207.
M.S.
Comprehensive Examinations
M.S. degree
candidates must pass four comprehensive examinations in the fields of
analytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistry. These examinations are
offered (over a period of several days) in fall, spring, and summer;
announcements are posted on the Departmental bulletin boards. When prepared
(usually after completion of the appropriate graduate course), a student should
indicate his or her intention to take any two or all four of the examinations
within the specified time period. A student may be excused from an
examination if he or she has performed well in a related course(s) completed
within the past year. A student who fails one or more of the comprehensive
examinations may repeat the exam(s) at the next scheduled examination period.
If the student fails a second time, no further opportunity to take an
examination is permitted.
M.S. Theses
Prior to the typing
of the final draft of the thesis, it must be submitted to a departmental M.S.
thesis review committee. This committee will evaluate the final draft to assure
its adherence to standards appropriate for the M.S. degree.
Non-Thesis MS
In addition to the
five core courses described above, students who elect to take the non-thesis MS
option are required to take Chem 298. Chem 298 involves a survey of a topic
approved by departmental staff, a written report and presentation of a seminar.
Students who register for Chem 298 should contact the Departmental Graduate
Advisor at the beginning of the semester for further information on scheduling.
Science
Technology and Public Policy
Ph.D. students in
Chemistry may substitute up to 12 hours of Dissertation Research (Chem 399) in
the form of course work jointly approved by the Chemistry Department and the
Graduate Program in Science, Technology, and Public Policy. The purpose of this
option is to provide a useful background for chemistry doctoral students who
are (or will be) employed in government agencies dealing with science,
technology and public policy programs. The 12 hours may be selected from the
following recommended courses: PSc 222, 223, 252, 203, 217; Pub. Admin. 260,
261; Mgt. 233, 234. Thus, a typical sequence of courses might be: PSc 222, PSc
223, Pub. Admin. 261, and PSc 203. Students desiring to take advantage of this
option should be sure to have the courses approved and included in their
program of studies.
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III.
Miscellaneous
Desk and
Laboratory Assignments
Each full-time
graduate student is entitled to the use of a desk in either Corcoran or Samson
Hall. See the Graduate Adviser for assignment to a desk. Students (both
full-time and part-time) who are ready to begin a research problem should see
their research director to be assigned lab space and a desk in one of the
research laboratories. When vacating a desk (or filing cabinet), please empty
all of the drawers and leave it in a clean condition for the next user.
Mailboxes
Incoming mail is
delivered to the Chemistry Department Office, Cor. 107. Mailboxes in that
office are available for full-time graduate students. Since the number of
mailboxes is limited, sharing of a mailbox may sometimes be necessary. As these
boxes are also used for distribution of seminar notices, instructions for
graduate teaching assistants, etc., check your mailbox daily. The department
office is usually open weekdays from 9 a.m. to noon and from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m.
Keys
The Departments
Executive Assistant (Cor. 107) maintains a supply of keys for the rooms and
laboratories of the Department of Chemistry. To obtain one or more keys, a
student must obtain a note from the Chairman, or the Graduate Adviser, or from
his or her research director, indicating to which room(s) or lab(s) the student
requires access. Upon presentation of this note to the Executive Aide, the
key(s) will be issued. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WHEN ANY PERSON PERMANENTLY LEAVES
THE DEPARTMENT, ALL SUCH KEYS IN HIS OR HER POSSESSION MUST BE RETURNED TO THE
EXECUTIVE AIDE. A student's research director is responsible for enforcement of
this regulation.
Bulletin Boards
Notices pertaining
to graduate students are usually posted on the first floor of Corcoran Hall
(outside Cor. 106). Copies of such notices may also be posted in the Chemistry
Office.
E-mail Accounts,
Photocopier Accounts, Departmental Fax Use
To set up your
e-mail account you will need to visit CIRC (Computer and Information Resource
Center) located in the basement of the Academic Center (Rome B106) (x4-0100).
Photocopier and Fax (i.e. a long distance code) accounts are furnished through
the Department's Executive Aide (Cor. 107). To obtain a photocopier and/or fax
account, a student must obtain a note from the Chairman, or the Graduate
Adviser, or from his/her research director concerning their use.
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IV. Safety
All graduate
students are held responsible for the content of the booklets Safety in
Academic Chemistry Laboratories, prepared by the Committee on Chemical
Safety of the American Chemical Society, and the HAZARDOUS MATERIAL SAFETY
MANUAL, Office of Safety and Security, GWU. THESE ARE REQUIRED READING.
Several copies are available for study in the Department's seminar room (Samson
311); additional copies may be obtained from the Graduate Adviser.
Several safety
guidelines are worth emphasizing here:
1. Be safety
conscious at all times.
2. Never
work in the laboratory alone, or at least without another person within easy
call. Always inform someone (e.g. Security at extension x4-6110) that you are
in the laboratory if you will be alone.
3. Safety
goggles should be worn, particularly when working with glassware under reduced
or elevated pressure.
4. Contact
lenses should not be worn; chemicals splashed into the eyes or dissolved
in tears from vapors can be trapped under contact lenses and are not rinsed
away by normal tear action or by washing at an eye-wash fountain (unless the
lenses are removed).
5. Do not
store food or beverages in a chemical refrigerator.
6. Secure
all compressed gas cylinders.
7. From
phones on the University telephone system, calls for the fire department,
metropolitan police (emergencies only) or for an ambulance are made by dialing
x9-911. For accidents on University property, call the University Police at
extension x4-6111.
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V. Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTA's) and Other
TA's
The detailed
responsibilities of a TA will depend on the course and laboratory, and
assignment for the current semester. Questions about specific duties should be
directed to the faculty member(s) in charge of the laboratory course. However,
general suggestions and guidelines are given in the Handbook for Chemistry
Assistants, published by the Division of Chemical Education of the American
Chemical Society. A copy of this hand- book is given to each new GTA. See the
Graduate Adviser to receive a copy.
Each TA must attend
the lectures of the course(s) in which he or she is instructing the first time
that they are teaching in the course. In addition, a TA should take all of the
examinations given during the first time he/she assists in a course and
subsequently at the discretion of the professor in charge. Note that a TA is
considered a half-time employee, and thus 19 hours per week may be required to
fulfill all TA responsibilities (including office hours, grading, preparation
for class, etc.).
Near the end of each
semester, each TA will be evaluated by his/her students and also by the faculty
member in charge. Sample forms for these evaluations are given on the next two
pages of this guide. Safety goggles must be worn at all times by all
persons, including TA's, in the laboratory. All accidents involving
injury must be reported at once to the stockroom (Cor. 404) and to the
University Police (ext. x4-6110). If more than first-aid is required, the
injured person must be taken to the Student Health Service, 2150 Pennsylvania
Ave., N.W. (entrance on 22nd Street), phone extension x4-6827; hours on
weekdays: 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM and 5 - 7 PM; Saturdays: 9 AM - 12:30 PM. The
Emergency Room of the University Hospital (ext. x4-3211) is available for
emergencies or when the Student Health Service center is closed. Accident forms
available from the stockroom should be completed for each incident. The
University Police are only permitted to transport persons who can wave to the
vehicle.
In the laboratory,
teaching assistants are expected to supervise closely their assigned students
and to move about the laboratory in order to be available for student questions
and problems. The TA's should insure that the lab session is run in a quiet and
orderly manner. Books for recording grades and attendance and red grading pens
may be obtained from the department office.
GTA's Only
The Graduate
division of the School requires that current fellowship holders and/or GTA's must
reapply each year (by Feb. 15th) for continued support. Reappointment is
not automatic; a satisfactory teaching and academic record (including research
evaluations) must be demonstrated. Reappointments are limited to: four
years for a Ph.D. candidate, three years if the student enters the Ph.D.
program with a master's degree (or with 18 to 24 semesters hours of credit
transferred) from another department or university.
At the completion of
a student's tenure as a GTA, they may be supported by the Department of
Chemistry as a teaching assistant (without tuition benefit). However, this
employment can not be guaranteed, and students are advised to plan their
graduate study accordingly.
The Benjamin D. Van
Evera Memorial Prize is usually awarded annually (at a reception following the
May commencement) to the Graduate Teaching Assistant(s) in Chemistry selected
by the Department as the most effective teacher(s) during the past academic
year. Criteria used in the selection include: 1) consistently outstanding teaching
evaluations by students and supervising faculty, and 2) reasonable progress
toward the M.S. or Ph.D. degree, as indicated by the GTA's academic record and
research evaluations.
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VI. Selection of a Research Director
The reprint from the
Journal of Chemical Education at the end of this Guide discusses some
factors that a graduate student should consider in choosing a research
director. In order to improve the selection process, the following procedure
has been established:
1. Full-time
graduate students in the Chemistry Department should interview with three
faculty members and select an advisor/research group by the end of their first
semester and be required to report this in a memo to the Graduate Advisor, also
before the end of their first semester.
2. Graduate students
are advised to begin rotating immediately through three research groups during
the first semester. Graduate students are allowed to commit to an advisor at
any time during this lead-in period, thus ending the rotation. The extent of
involvement in the research group for this introductory period would vary
according to the individual advisor.
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VII. Formation and Role of the Doctoral Committee
Following the choice
of a research advisor, and prior to the start of the second semester of study,
a Doctoral Committee must be formed. This committee shall consist of at least
three members of the department, including the research advisor, who acts as
chair and selects the other members. The selected members may include
preferably one faculty member each from the students chosen division and from
an outside division. The advisor should report the composition of the committee
to the Graduate Affairs Committee chairman prior to the start of the second
term of study. Any subsequent changes to the Doctoral Committee membership are
to be made at the discretion of the research advisor, subject to the approval
of the Graduate Affairs Committee.
The doctoral
committee, once formed, has the dual responsibility of evaluating and advising
the student. Unless there are reasons for concern, the committee should convene
annually in the presence of the student. It is the research advisors
responsibility to schedule all such meetings. The first meeting should occur at
the beginning of the second semester of study, at which time any necessary
revisions to the course of study should be developed, subject to the approval
of the Graduate Affairs Committee.
During the second
meeting, which should take place at the beginning of the fourth semester, the
student must present an outline of the topic of the dissertation and research
progress to date. This and subsequent meetings should focus on evaluating the
students progress and implementing changes to the course of study when
appropriate. The committee should consider progress in research, cumulative
exams, coursework, the Choice and Design of a Research Problem and any other
information it considers pertinent in formulating its annual evaluation.
Student progress should be characterized, by a majority vote of the committee,
as one of the following: excellent, good or failing. Should a failing mark be
given, the committee must choose one of two options: probation with further
guidance or recommendation for termination from the Ph.D. program. This
evaluation of the students standing, as well as changes to the course of study,
should be conveyed in a report to the Graduate Affairs Committee and the
student following each meeting. This document should be drafted by the research
advisor and signed by all committee members.
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Selection of a Thesis Research - Course of Action - provocative opinion
It is gratifying that this neglected aspect of the academic scene, which is
the subject of much informal comment, has been set down for scrutiny by
Lansbury in his article on "Selection of Thesis Research: The Most
Important Course." The comparison of advisor selection to courting and
marriage is an apt one. Although, as pointed out, the process may entail rape
and elopement, my feeling is that seduction is the technique more often
employed. I was disappointed by the lack of follow through on this general
theme. Lansbury discusses in detail the aspect of thorough examination by the
student of the various research options, including funding, which are
available. Of course, this is commendable, and is analogous in the nuptial area
to careful inspection of the career objectives and economic potential of one's
possible spouse. However, merely dealing with research topics and finances is
equivalent to selecting a mate solely on the basis of "business like"
considerations. What about the important intangibles involving the personal
characteristics of the faculty member, such as personality, ethical and moral
considerations, treatment of student.s, and compatibility with the students.
From my own observations at five universities and conversations with colleagues
at many other schools, I conclude that this area can be of greater importance,
and indeed is probably a more frequent factor underlying divorce and
unhappiness in the scientific marriage.
Often in the selection process, the student pays little attention to this
variable on the false premise that if the person is a professor, then these
intangible qualities must be in good order. In some instances, the
unsatisfactory relationship is suffered because he does not wish to offend his undergraduate
advisor who sent him to work with a particular colleague. In other cases, the
student is loath to speak out or take action for fear of retribution or lest
other faculty might be reluctant to accept him as a transfer and thus become
involved in a messy situation. In certain instances, the towel is not thrown in
since an appreciable amount of research work might then go down the drain, or
because of the desire to be identified with a "name" chemist.
Complaints by graduate students derive from many sources: excessive pressure
in relation to research output, lack of openness, false promises, unwillingness
to permit a reasonable degree of independence, viewing the student primarily as
a means of achieving tenure or a reputation, insufficient concern for the long
range welfare of the student, and little assistance in job placement.
Additional considerations also pertain. Since some students emulate their
advisors, these behavior patterns are passed on from generation to generation.
In departments here the problem is particularly serious, a number of the
well-qualified students shun academic careers thinking that the home-base is
representative. Involvement in such a situation can have a serious adverse
effect on motivation and creativity. In particularly traumatic cases, a
promising career in chemistry is completely abandoned. In a way, Lansbury might
be giving a broad hint to this subject when he emphasizes "their
responsibility to look after themselves because others will not necessarily do
it for them!" Although the number of advisors in this category is
fortunately in the minority, nevertheless the amount of unnecessary misery is
considerable when the numbers of students and the time involved are taken into
account.
It should be stressed that speaking out on behalf of fair treatment for
students does not imply coddling. All will concede that some students require
firm guidance, and in certain cases strict discipline or even termination.
Certainly there are examples in which students try to take advantage of an
advisor who attempts to be fair, thinking he is a "soft touch." l
would suppose that a balanced approach is desirable, including treatment of
each person as an individual.
Many departments astutely place an important value on these intangibles and hence
the problem is avoided. On the other hand, in some schools, such undesirable
characteristics on the part of the faculty member are looked upon as
unimportant, harmless idiosyncrasies. or are admired. I surmise there is the
feeling that a certain amount of ruthlessness is needed, 'nice guys finish
last,'' end one's reputation in the chemical world-at-large is the primary
consideration. In some extreme cases, no discussion of these traits is
contained in letters of recommendation for the prospective faculty member, even
when the characteristics were quite evident at the graduate level. Surely, the
mores and general attitudes which are prevalent in society have an impact on
academia.
Recent years have seen changes in the direction of greater emphasis on good
teaching and more incorporation of "relevant" chemistry into the
curriculum. Perhaps with declining graduate enrollments, the time is ripe for
changes in the area under discussion. Over the years, I have carried out an
informal poll concerning the reasons why students select chemistry as a career.
Although scientific competence and teaching ability are mentioned, almost
invariably the personal characteristics of the teachers who primarily
influenced them are stressed. Accounts of the rises of truly great scientists
generally reveal persons well endowed with these important intangibles.
Peter Kovacic University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Milwaukee,Wisconsin 53201
REPRODUCED BY PERMISSION OF THE
"JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION"
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WHO HAS THE ANSWERS?
SEE YOUR OWN DEPARTMENTAL ADVISOR FOR:
Prerequisites
Which courses to take
and when
Content and procedure
for masters comprehensive and Ph.D general examination
Ph.D dissertation
proposal content, process and oral examination departmental requirements
SEE GRADUATE STUDENT SERVICES FOR:
Questions concerning
admissions process regulations for Graduate Teaching Assistantships/Fellowships
Deadlines for degree
requirements
Details on thesis/dissertation
format guidelines and final Ph.D oral examination
School requirements
for degree candidates
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GUIDELINES FOR CUMULATIVE
EXAMINATIONS
Analytical
Chemistry
1. Exam Type/Duration
a. Usually three hours in
duration
b. Closed book
2. Major topics to be covered
a. Optical spectroscopy
b. Mass spectroscopy
c. Separation methods
d. Surface analysis
e. Electrochemistry
f. Electronics
3. Components of Exams with Major Topics
a. Recent literature:
1) A-Page articles in
Analytical Chemistry in the prior six (6) months
2) Recent papers (published in the prior twelve (12) months) related
to Major Topics in major analytical chemistry journals
b. Basic texts on major
topics:*
1) Text for Chem 22 (D.C.
Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, published by Freeman, New York,
NY, 4th Ed., 1995, 812 pages)
2) Text for Chem 122 (D.A. Skoog and J.J. Leary, Principles of
Instrumental Analysis, published by Saunders, 4th Ed., 1995, 700 pages)
3) Text for Chem 22 (D.T. Sawyer, W.R. Heineman and J.M. Beebe, Chemistry
Experiments for Instrumental Analysis, published by Wiley, New York, NY,
1984, 427 pages)
4) Text for Chem 193 (H.V. Malmstadt, C.G. Enke and S.R. Crouch, Microcomputer
and Electronic Instrumentation: Making the Right Connection, published by
the American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1994, 464 pages
5) Text for Chem 221 (J.D. Ingle and S. R. Crouch, Spectrochemical
Analysis, published by Prentice Hall, Englewood, N.J., 1988, 589 pages)
6) Text for Chem 222 (C.M.A. Brett and A.M.O. Brett, Electrochemistry
- Principles, Methods and Applications published by Ellis Horwood, New
York, NY, 1990, 178 pages)
7) Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, (A.
Montaser, and D.W. Golightly, 2nd Edition, 1992 VCH, 2027 pages)
c. Problem solving skills will
be regularly tested by selected problems in the outlines areas.
*It is assumed that
students are familiar with the contents of basic undergraduate/graduate texts
for courses offered in this Department in analytical chemistry/instrumentation.
GUIDELINES FOR
CUMULATIVE EXAMINATIONS
Inorganic
Chemistry
The cumulative
examinations in inorganic chemistry will be designed to evaluate a students core
knowledge of inorganic chemistry and his/her awareness of the current important
inorganic literature according to the following criteria:
1. Core Knowledge
The student should have a good working knowledge of
advanced inorganic chemistry at the level of Chemistry 235/236. In addition, a
knowledge of subject areas not covered in depth in these courses (e.g.
Periodicity) but addressed in the following texts, is also expected:
Inorganic Chemistry, by Huheey, Keiter and
Keiter.
Inorganic
Chemistry, by Shriver, Atkins and Langford.
Typically, a student should be able to answer
questions similar to those found in the excerises in either of these text
books.
2. Inorganic Literature
The student should be able to read and understand an
article or communication from the recent inorganic literature and understand:
a) why the work was performed
b) the
experimental methods used in the investigation
c) the
analysis of the results and conclusions
Articles will be
extracted from the following journals and will have been in print for no longer
than 6 months:
"Journal of the
American Chemical Society"
"Inorganic
Chemistry"
"Organometallics"
"The
Chemistry of Materials"
GUIDELINES FOR
CUMULATIVE EXAMINATIONS
Organic
Chemistry
1. The series of
cumulative examinations in organic chemistry are designed to ascertain that a
student has met two criteria:
a. The student should have a fundamental store of
knowledge of the basics of the discipline such as that found in standard first
course texts like Solomons, McMurry, or Wade, but with a more sophisticated and
detailed understanding of this material. The understanding of the material is
to be at the level of advanced texts like March and/or Carey & Sundberg, as
well as Silverstein, et. al. In other words, a student is to have in his/her
memory, material such as that found in Solomons, etc. but is to be able to
explain the material, or other material given as a part of a question, at the
March, Carey & Sundberg, or Silverstein et. al.
b. The
student should be able to read an article from the organic (and related)
literature critically and understand:
1) the purpose or intent of the investigation,
2) the
methods used to study the questions,
3) the results
obtained,
4) and the
analysis of the results and conclusions drawn.
In addition, the student is expected to be able to
read through the experimental section and discuss the validity of the results
obtained.
Articles
will be drawn from the recent (6-8 months) literature found in:
"Journal of the American Chemical Society"
"Journal
of Organic Chemistry"
"Tetrahedron"
2. Each examination
with contain a range of questions encompassing at least two of these four
general areas:
a. structure determination,
b. reaction
mechanisms,
c.
synthesis,
d. or
questions based on the fundamental store of knowledge.
3. Examinations will
generally be closed book and two hours in duration.
GUIDELINES
FOR CUMULATIVE EXAMINATIONS
Physical
Chemistry
1. Motivation
a. To assess basic knowledge of physical chemistry.
b. To assess
creative problem solving abilities in topical areas.
c. To assess
ability critically evaluate specific papers found in the literature.
d. To assess
competence in basic tools used in physical chemistry.
2. Major topics to be covered
a. Thermodynamics and statistical thermodynamics.
b. Kinetics
and Dynamics.
c.
Spectroscopy.
d. Quantum
Mechanics.
e. Tools:
Error analysis, computer programming, literature searching, and basic math
skills.
3. Possible types of exams
a. Overviews of Physical Chemistry.
b. Topical
Problem Solving.
c. Exams
requiring critical evaluations of specific papers(s) found in the literature.
d. Exams requiring the use of error analysis, math tools, computer programming
and/or literature searching.
4. Exam types /duration
a. Closed book should be approx. 1 - 1.5 hours.
b. Open book
should be approx. 4 - 6 hours work.
5. Scheduling
a. Each student while taking his/her 7 - 10 exams
should takes exams covering all areas.
b. A record
will be kept of the topic and type of exam taken by each student.
c. A
systematic schedule of taking into account the students involved should be
developed in October for the rest of the year.
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