![[Curriculum Guide]](curricul.gif)
CATALOG OF UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE COURSES AT THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
WITH AN ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS
ANTHROPOLOGY (Anth) / BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (BiSc) / CHEMISTRY (Chem) CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (CE) / EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (EES) / ECONOMICS (Econ) /ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING (ECE) / ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (EMSE) / ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE POLICY (E&RP) / ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (Law) / FORENSIC SCIENCE (ForS) / GEOGRAPHY (Geog) / GEO SCIENCE (EES) / HISTORY (Hist) /INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS (IAff) / MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING (MAE) / PHILOSOPHY (Phil) / POLITICAL SCIENCE (PSc) / PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (PAd) /PUBLIC HEALTH (PubH) / PUBLIC POLICY (PPol) / RELIGION (Rel) / STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY (SMPP)
152 Cultural Ecology (3) STAFF
Basic principles of cultural ecology. Human interaction with the ecosystem both past and present; emphasis on the application of anthropological precepts to current environmental problems.
220 The Anthropology of Development (3) Miller, Gow
Theoretical perspectives that distinguish the contribution of anthropology to understanding processes of change in the Third World. Focus on health, population, environment, gender, and tourism issues. The role of anthropology in planning and implementing projects and policy. (Fall)
142 Flora of the Mid-Atlantic States (4) Wells
Field trips and laboratory study of the identification and ecology of vascular plants of the Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and mountains of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. Emphasis on family characteristics and recognition of dominant species in native habitats. (Summe
152 Animal Behavior (3) STAFF
An evolutionary approach to the study of animal behavior, emphasizing behavioral ecology and sociobiology. (Spring)
153 Plant-Animal Interactions (3) STAFF
Examines ecological and evolutionary interactions that characterize the interactions between plants and animals, including herbivory, pollination, and seed dispersal.
154 General Ecology (4) Merchant
Lecture (3 hours), laboratory and field (3 hours).
Introduction to the concepts of limiting factors, biogeochemical cycles, trophic levels, and energy transfer and their relationship to the structure and function of population, species, communities, and ecosystems. (Fall)
155 Plant Ecology (4) STAFF
Lecture (2 hours), laboratory (4 hours).
Introduction to the dynamics of plant populations, communities, and individuals. One weekend field trip required. Because of conflicting field-trip schedules, concurrent registration in BiSc 158 is not allowed. (Fall)
156 Animal Ecology (4) Merchant
Lecture (3 hours), laboratory and field (3 hours).
Application of ecological principles to the understanding and manipulation of animal populations.
Prerequisite: BiSc 154 or permission of instructor. (Spring, even years)
157 Aquatic Ecology (4) Merchant
Lecture (3 hours), laboratory and field (3 hours).
Ecological principles applied to aquatic systems with special references to physiochemical properties, typical habitats, and communities. (Spring, odd years)
158 Field Botany (4) Wells
Lecture (2 hours) laboratory and field (4 hours).
Field and laboratory studies on local flora. Two weekend field trips required.
Because of conflicting field-trip schedules, concurrent registration in BiSc 155 is not allowed. (Fall)
160 Conservation Biology (3) STAFF
Examines the theory and management of small populations.
167 Marine Biology (4) Knowlton
Lecture (2 hours) laboratory and field (4 hours), plus some extended field trips.
Study of the relationships between organisms and physical, chemical, and biological factors of the marine environment. Consideration of the open ocean and coastal ecosystems and human influence on them. (Spring)
168 Tropical Marine Biology (4) Knowlton, Packer
Course consists primarily of ecological field work in characteristic tropical ecosystems, such as coral reefs, turtle-grass meadows, sandy beaches and dunes, rocky shorelines, mangrove forests, estuaries, and inland lakes. The first half of the course is spent on the GW campus, the remaining time at the Bahamian Field Station, San Salvador, Bahamas. Recommended: BiSc 125 and/or 167. (Summer, even years)
169 Applied Marine Ecology (4) Knowlton
An outdoor field program emphasizing application of ecological and oceanographic research techniques in temperate-boreal coastal environments. Activities consist of surveys of ecosystems along the coast of Maine, and associated laboratory work, supplemented by demonstrations, lectures, and discussion.
Recommended: BiSc 130 and/or 167. (Summer, odd years)\
176 Independent Study in Environmental Biology (2) Hufford, Merchant
Prescribed reading list and consultations with STAFF advisor culminating in a written report and/or examination.
Prerequisite: permission of the instructor.
180 Biotechnology (3) Morris
Genetic engineering of bacteria, plants, and animals, including humans. Applications of modern biotechnology, especially in the field of medical biotechnology, such as gene therapy, xenotransplantation, and the Human Genome Project. Regulation, prospects, and social impact of biotechnology.
Recommended: BiSc 102 or 107. Prerequisite: organic chemistry. (Spring and summer)
208 Bioenergetics (3 or 4) Merchant
Study of the energy fixation and transfer in ecosystems and of their role in behavior, evolution, population dynamics, and species interactions. Students enrolling for 4 credits will devote one additional class meeting per week to an investigation of the nature and methods of science.
Prerequisite: BiSc 154 or permission of the instructor. (Fall, odd years)
242 Advanced Plant Ecology (3) Wells
Study of selected topics in adaptive plant strategies and physiological plant ecology. May be repeated for credit.
Prerequisite: BiSc 112 or 154 or 155 or 158. (Spring, odd years)
243 Seminar: Ecology (3) Merchant
In-depth study of selected topics, including reports on original publications. May be repeated for credit.
Prerequisite: BiSc 154 or equivalent. (Spring, even years)
22 Introductory Quantitative Analysis (3) Vertes
Theory and practice of quantitative analysis by modern methods; evaluation of analytical data emphasizing detection and correction of experimental errors.
Correlated with Chem 23. Prerequisite: Chem 12. (Spring)
23 Introductory Quantitative Analysis Laboratory (1) Sadtchenko
Laboratory complement to Chem 22.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: Chem 22.
Laboratory fee, $55. (Fall)
105 Environmental Chemistry (3) Miller
Chemistry and physics of the environment, with emphasis on water and air pollution; environmental analysis and modeling and their limitations. (Fall)
122 Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (3) Montaser, Vertes
Theory of instrumental methods in qualitative and quantitative analysis, determination of structure, with emphasis on atomic and molecular spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, chromatography, and electroanalysis.
Correlated with Chem 123. Prerequisite or concurrent registration: Chem 111 or permission of instructor. (Fall)
123 Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (2) Wagner, Sadtchenko
Laboratory complement to Chem 122.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: Chem 111 and 122.
Laboratory fee, $55. (Fall)
221 Spectrochemical Analysis (3) Montaser
Theory and application of recent spectrometric methods of analysis, including advances in optimization techniques, optical instrumentation, atomic spectrometry, laser-based analytical techniques, X-ray methods, and surface analysis techniques.
Prerequisite: Chem 122. (Fall)
222 Ions: Wet and Dry(3) Vertes
Principles, instrumentation, methods, and applications of mass spectrometry and electrochemistry; selected state-of-the-art methods demonstrate basic principles to show how new methods of analysis are developed; typical applications highlight solutions of industrial, environmental, biomedical, and forensic problems.
Prerequisite: Chem 122. (Spring, even years)
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (CE)
168 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering (3) Manzari and STAFF
Soils and rock formation, soil composition, permeability, seepage and flow net-analysis, stresses in soil medium, consolidation and settlement, shear strength of soil, analysis of lateral earth pressures, soil compaction.
Prerequisite: CE 120, MAE 126. (Fall)
185 Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory (1) Manzari and STAFF
Laboratory experiments to evaluate liquid and plastic limits, grain-size distribution, shear strength, compressibility, permeability, and moisture-density relationship of soils.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: CE 168. (Fall)
189 Environmental Engineering Laboratory (1) Riffat and STAFF
Laboratory experiments for physical and chemical analyses of water and wastewater. Measurement of turbidity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD, suspended solids, and optimum coagulant dose using jar tests.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: CE 194. (Fall)
194 Environmental Engineering I: Water Resources and Water Quality (3)
Riffat and STAFF
Physical and chemical analyses of water quality and characteristics. Microbiology of water and pathogens. Introduction to water treatment processes involving coagulation, flocculation, filtration, and disinfection.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: CE 193. (Spring)
195 Hydrology and Hydraulic Design (3) Haque and STAFF
Descriptive hydrology: hydrologic cycle, precipitation, stream flow, evaporation, and transpiration. Quantitative hydrology: hydrograph analysis, hydrographs of basin outflow, storage routing. Probability concepts in hydrology: flood frequency, rainfall frequency, stochastic hydrology. Culverts and stilling basins.
Prerequisite or concurrent registration: ApSc 115, CE 193. (Fall)
196 Design and Cost Analysis of Civil Engineering Structures (3)
Manzari, Badie, and STAFF
Total structural systems concepts. Design of civil engineering structures such as piers, wharves, bulkheads, offshore platforms, dams, and other special structures. Principles of cost analysis for timber, steel, and reinforced concrete structures.
Project and report are required. Prerequisite: senior status. (Spring)
197 Environmental Engineering II: Water Supply and Pollution Control (3) Riffat and STAFF
Introduction to wastewater treatment systems including clarification, suspended and attached growth processes. Use of dissolved oxygen models. Water supply and wastewater collection systems, applied hydraulics of pipelines and pumps. Planning to meet quality needs and regulatory requirements.
Prerequisite: CE 194. (Fall)
218 Structural Design to Resist Natural Hazards (3) Manzari
Prediction of forces due to earthquakes and strong winds; generalized codes; pseudostatic methods for preliminary design; codes based on spectra, energy absorption and ductility; influence of foundations; ground failures; static and aeroelastic effects of strong winds.
Design project. Prerequisite: approval of department. (Fall, even years)
230 Fundamentals of Soil Behavior (3) Manzari
Soil mineralogy, clay-water-electrolyte systems, soil composition, fabric, structure, volume change behavior, permeability, coupled phenomena, in-situ evaluation of soil behavior.
Prerequisite: CE 168 or equivalent. (Fall, even years)
231 Theoretical Soil Mechanics (3) Manzari
Porous media, stress-strain behavior of soil skeleton, elastic and elastoplastic models for soil behavior, critical state concept, cam clay, strength of soils, stress-dilatancy, stress paths. (Fall, odd years)
232 Geotechnical Engineering (3) Manzari and STAFF
Principles of soil mechanics applied to the analysis and design of mat foundations, pile foundations, retaining structures including sheeting and bracing systems, and waterfront structures. Foundations on difficult soils and reinforced earth structures.
Prerequisite: CE 168 or equivalent. (Spring)
233 Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering (3) Manzari
Ground motion, wave propagation, foundation isolation, site response analysis, seismic stability of retaining structures, soil structure interaction.
Prerequisite: graduate standing. (As arranged)
234 Rock Engineering (3) Manzari and STAFF
Classification and properties of rock; nature of rock masses and rock discontinuities; field exploration; methods of excavation; design and applications to foundation slopes, tunnels, and chambers in rock.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (As arranged)
240 Environmental Chemistry (3) Riffat and STAFF
Principles of chemistry of natural waters, water supplies, wastewaters, hazardous wastes. Stoichiometry, equilibrium, solubility, kinetics, organic chemistry, biochemistry, analytical techniques. Examples from water/wastewater practice to illustrate applications. (Fall)
241 Advanced Sanitary Engineering Design (3) Riffat and STAFF
Elements of design including basic parameters and hydraulic requirements. Layout and design of water supply and wastewater systems, pumping stations, and treatment plants. Plant expansions and modifications.
Prerequisite: CE 197 or equivalent. (Spring)
242 Principles of Environmental Engineering (3) Riffat
Basic concepts of water, air, and terrestrial environments and interrelationships among them. Principles of environmental chemistry and microbiology. Assessment of environmental quality and impacts. Environment and health. Water and wastewater systems. Legal and regulatory controls. (Fall)
243 Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes (3) Riffat
Theory and application of commonly used processes. Sedimentation, coagulation, filtration, disinfection, gas transfer, activated sludge, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, sorption, and sludge stabilization and disposal. Process combinations to produce treatment systems.
Prerequisite: CE 242. (Spring)
244 Environmental Impact Assessment (3) Riffat, Roper
Public policy and legislation on environmental quality. Methods for assessing impacts of engineering projects. Technology for assessing impacts on air, water, and land environments, applied to transportation facilities, water and wastewater facilities, industrial and community development. (Fall)
245 Microbiology for Environmental Engineers (3) Riffat and STAFF
Principles of microbiology and applications to lakes, streams, hazardous wastes, and biological treatment systems. Methods for evaluating impacts of wastewaters and hazardous wastes on ecological systems. Concepts of limnology, including limiting of nutrients and control of nuisance growths. (Spring, even years)
246 Advanced Treatment Processes (3) Riffat and STAFF
Principles and applications of advanced treatment systems for water, wastewater, and hazardous wastes, including: biological nutrient removal, oxidation-reduction processes, stripping, sorption, membrane processes, chemical precipitation, others.
Prerequisite: CE 243. (Fall, even years)
247 Industrial Waste Treatment (3) Riffat and STAFF
Types of industries, waste sources. Characteristics, measurements, and evaluation. Minimization and reuse. Treatment process selection, development, and design. Regulations, permits, standards, monitoring, and pretreatment.
Prerequisite: CE 240 or approval of department. (Fall)
248 Introduction to Hazardous Wastes (3) Riffat, Roper
Regulations, including RCRA and Superfund. Transport and fate of hazardous substances. Elements of environmental toxicology, risk assessment, and hazard ranking. Monitoring, data collection, and evaluation. Waste minimization. Case histories.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (Spring)
250 Open Channel Flow (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Types and regimes of flow; energy and momentum principles, uniform flow, gradually varied flow, spatially and rapidly varied flow. Flow in nonprismatic channels. Unsteady flow; dam break problem, flood routing.
Prerequisite: CE 193 or equivalent. (Fall)
251 Hydraulic Engineering (3) Haque and STAFF
Hydraulic design of conveyance, regulating, and measurement structures. Design for spillways, energy dissipators, inlet and outlet works related to dams. Forces on hydraulic structure and stability analysis. Hydraulic turbines and pumps. Design considerations for flow through pipes. Transients and cavitation.
Prerequisite: CE 193 or approval of department. (As arranged)
252 Design of Dams (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Project planning and investigations. Types of dams; design of earth-rock fill dams; stability analysis, foundation treatment, wind-wave protection. Construction methods for dams. Reservoir sedimentation. Safety inspection of dams.
Prerequisite: CE 193 or graduate status. (Spring, even years)
253 Advanced Hydrology (3) Mahmood
Precipitation, evaporation, and transpiration. Soil physics; stream flow, drainage basins, hydrograph analysis, and stream-flow routing. Design criteria, flood frequency statistics and analysis, flood forecasting and control, water supply forecasting.
Prerequisite: CE 195 or equivalent. (Spring, even years)
254 Groundwater and Seepage (3) Haque and STAFF
Permeability theory of groundwater flow, flow nets, analogs, computer solutions; applications to engineering problems such as excavation dewatering, flow through dams, stabilization of earth slopes.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (Spring)
255 Mechanics of Water Waves (3) Haque
Irrotational theory for deep- and shallow-water waves, reflexion, refraction, diffraction, attenuation. Water waves of finite amplitude: shallow-water theory, tides, bores, long-waves theory, conoidal and solitary waves. Wave generation by wind. Wave breaking and reflexion. Prerequisite: ApSc 213 and permission of instructor. (As arranged)
256 Water Resources Planning and Control (3) Mahmood and STAFF
The parameters of water resources planning and control, economics of water resources and related natural resources, economics of water-quality control, physical parameters of water resource development, water resources law.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (Fall, even years)
257 Hydraulic Modeling (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Dimensional analysis and similitude. Types of models—physical, mathematical. Distortions in physical models. Erodible bed models.
Prerequisite: CE 193. (Spring, odd years)
258 Numerical Methods in Environmental and Water Resources (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Use of microcomputers in water resources. Elements of finite difference schemes, basic operations, convergence, stability, and consistency. Nonuniform flow and error analysis; unsteady laminar flow; diffusion problems; unsteady flow in open channels; water hammer, seepage flow, and diffusion-dispersion problems.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (Spring)
259 Pollution Transport System (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Distribution of pollutants in natural waters and atmosphere, diffusive and advective transport, mathematics for stream pollutant deoxygenation rates, groundwater pollution transport, sediment transport, thermal transport, numerical simulation of pollutant transports in streams and estuaries.
Prerequisite: CE 193, MAE 131. (Fall, even years)
350 Sedimentation Engineering (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Problems of erosion and sedimentation. Properties of sediment. Initiation of motion. Suspension of sediment and sediment discharge theories. Sedimentation measurements. Economic and legal aspects.
Prerequisite: CE 250 or approval of department. (Fall, odd years)
351 Mechanics of Alluvial Channels (3) Mahmood and STAFF
Physical processes in drainage basins and channels. Channel forms and bed forms. Hydraulics and sediment transport in alluvial channels. Design of stable channels. Qualitative and quantitative response of rivers. Channel stabilization, navigation channels. Case studies including environmental impacts.
Prerequisite: CE 250 or approval of department. (Fall, even years)
352 Advanced Hydraulics (3) Mahmood
Theory of unsteady flow. Diffusion and dispersion through pipes and open channels. Numerical solutions using finite element and finite difference methods.
Prerequisite: CE 250 or approval of department. (Spring, even years)
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (EES)
105 Geol Hazards in Land-Use Plan (3) STAFF
Lecture and laboratory. An analysis of geological hazards and related factors that affect land-use planning. Field trip.
Prerequisite: EES 1 or 5 or permission of instructor.
Laboratory fee, $30. (Spring)
131 Global Climate Change (3) STAFF
Fundamental causes and patterns of climate change. Methods of reconstruction of past climates; modeling and predicting climate change. (Spring)
191 Senior Seminar in Environmental Study (3) Merchant
Directed reading and discussion of contemporary environmental problems. Limited to majors in environmental studies or environmental science or with permission of instructor.
193 Introduction to Environmental Law (3) McGuirl
An introduction to selected pieces of major environmental legislation. The role of the courts and bureaucracy in implementing and interpreting legislation. Impact on decision making. (Fall)
196 Field Experience (3) STAFF
Open to juniors and seniors majoring in environmental studies and environmental science. Students spend at least eight hours per week in a political, technical, legal, or special-interest organization working on environmental questions.
136 Natural Resources and Environmental Economics (3) Malik
A range of environmental and natural resource problems are analyzed from a microeconomic perspective. The problems are shown to result from market and government failures. The strengths and weaknesses of various policies for correcting these failures are evaluated. In addition, attention is given to methods for valuing the environment and to efficiently using natural resources.
Prerequisite: Econ 11. (Spring)
237 Economics of the Environment and Natural Resources (3) Malik
A survey of the market failures that result in environmental and resource problems, with emphasis given to the problem of externalities and alternative policy instruments for correcting them. Methods for estimating the benefits of environmental improvements are examined as part of an introduction to benefit-cost analysis. In addition, the basic economic theory of optimal natural resource use is presented.
Prerequisite: ECON 217 or equivalent intermediate microeconomic theory. (Spring)
295 Special Topic: Economic Theory of the Environment and Natural Resources (3) Malik
Analysis of public policy problems relating to the environment and natural resources development and management. Other possible topics are determined by the instructor.
ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING (ECE)
269 Engineering Resources and Environmental Issues in Electrical Power (3) Harrington and Staff
Introduction to engineering issues involved in selecting electrical power systems. Primary resources. Worldwide distribution. Relation to the developing alternate technology base for power. Environmental, social, economic, and educational considerations. Impact of changing regulations.
Prerequisite: Permission of course director. (Fall, odd years)
ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (EMSE)
220 Policy Factors on Environmental and Energy Management (3)
Deason and STAFF
Exploration of the policy development process from several different but integrated perspectives. Focus on areas of environmental and energy management and use of current case studies to develop a framework of understanding to support decisions in a broad variety of management settings. (Fall, odd years)
221 Environmental Management (3) Deason and STAFF
Technical, economic, political, administrative, and social forces influencing the quality of the environment and the use of resources. Government and industrial programs to combat pollution of the air, soil, and water; existing and pending pertinent legislation; theoretical aspects of specific management problems. (Fall)
222 Energy Management (3) Deason and STAFF
Examination of the range of available energy resources, trends in their use, the programs and organizations that have developed and evolved to address problems associated with energy resource use. (Spring)
223 Air Quality Management (3) Deason and STAFF
The nature of critical local, regional, continental, and global problems associated with air pollution and the historical evolution of such problems. The complex regulatory and institutional framework controlling air quality management in the U.S. Current air quality management concepts and processes. (Spring)
224 Analytical Tools in Environmental Management (3) Deason and STAFF
A survey course in environmental management, focusing on tools to assess the environment: cost benefit analysis, land use, comprehensive planning, Congressional activities, and environmental laws. The regulatory process as it relates to environmental management. Risk assessment methodology. Modeling approach to solving environmental problems. (Spring, odd years)
225 Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management and Cleanup (3)
Deason and STAFF
Hazardous waste management and cleanup processes used in the U.S. and around the world. The roles of the relevant federal, state, and local government agencies; major hazardous and toxic waste laws and regulations. Planning, assessment, investigation, design, and construction phases of toxic and hazardous waste remediation projects. (Summer)
226 Water Quality Management (3) Deason and STAFF
The nature of point and non-point sources of surface and ground water pollution and the statutory, regulatory, and institutional framework controlling water quality management activities in the U.S. Current approaches to water quality protection and enhancement. The role of engineered treatment processes in water quality management. (Fall)
245 Facilities Operation and Maintenance Management (3)
Murphree and STAFF
Economic issues in facilities management; planning and organization for maintenance; energy and environmental issues; strategies; day-to-day operation and maintenance; estimating with standard production models; computers in maintenance operations; contracts for maintenance: preparation and administration; facility obsolescence, recycling and disposal. (Spring)
334 Environmental Hazard Management (3) Harrald and STAFF
Geological, meteorological, radiological, chemical, and biological hazards facing the
United States and international communities. Organizational responsibilities for hazard identification and management. Communication and perceptions of vulnerability and risk. Challenges to local governments and communities. (Spring)
ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE POLICY (E&RP)
210 Seminar in Environmental and Resource Policy (3) Merchant
Approaches to environmental decision making as related to the formation of environmental and resource policy. Emphasis on the development of a practical model to be used in the evaluation and incorporation of disparate information relevant to an environmental issue. Limited to degree candidates in the program or enrollment with permission of the instructor.
240 Environmental Impact Statement Procedures and Environmental Law (3)
McGuirl
The rationale for environmental impact statements from the viewpoint of the nature and origins of environmental concerns. Government agencies responsible for environmental impact statements; current statutes and regulations pertaining to the environment.
246 Environmental Toxicology (3) Lappas
A study of the chemical substances to which humans are unintentionally exposed. Emphasis on pesticides, food additives, and air pollutants.
2 Environmental Geography (3) Foggin
A systematic survey of environmental geography; perspectives on environments and human ecology, including ecosystems and their use, human population dynamics, and resource geography. (Fall and spring)
107 Remote Sensing and Air Photo Interpretation (3) Thomas, Fuller
Remote-sensing techniques using digital satellite imagery and aerial photography. Application to rural and urban settings, archaeology, and environmental monitoring.
Laboratory fee, $55.
Prerequisite: Geog 105 or permission of instructor.
108 Weather and Climate (3) Cheung
The elements and controls of weather and climate; interpretation of surface weather maps. Introduction to synoptic climatology.
Laboratory fee, $55.
Prerequisite: Geog 2.
110 Climate and Human Ecology (3) Cheung
Interrelationships between human activities and the climatic environment.
Prerequisite: Geog 2.
120 World Regions (3) Price/Dymond
World cultural regions and the impacts of globalization; the environmental human conditions that undergird current problems and future prospects.
127 Population Geography (3) Chacko
Patterns of world population; factors contributing to population pressures, growth, and migrations.
132 Environmental Quality and Management (3) Foggin
The evolution of environmental management philosophies and tools. The global distribution, utilization, and degradation of natural resources.
Prerequisite: Geog 2.
133 People, Land and Food (3) Foggin
Domestication and dispersal of plants and animals; development of agricultural systems; spatial disparities in world food production, demand, and distribution.
134 Energy Resources (3) STAFF
Analysis of regional patterns and trends in consumption and production of energy resources. Examination of international energy linkages and energy policies of selected nations.
Prerequisite: Geog 2.
136 Water Resources (3) Foggin
Analysis of the global spatial patterns, development, use, and quality of water resources.
137 Environmental Hazards (3) Cheung
Examination of environmental hazards with emphasis on the use of geographic information systems.
Prerequisite: Geog 2.
141 Cities in the Developing World (3) Chacko/Dymond
Urbanization processes, problems, and management in the developing world. Focus on urban location, politics, housing, services, employment, and environmental issues. Prerequisite: Geog 1.
143 Urban Environmental Geography (3) Benton-Short
Behavioral perspectives on human spatial activities in cities.
Prerequisite: Geog 1.
187 Building Cities (3) McGrath
Urban development dynamics and experience in the United States and abroad, including the pressures of social change. Background and insights needed by entrepreneurs and enlightened citizens to comprehend and play effective roles in contemporary city-building. Same as AmSt 187.
207 Land Development Planning (3) McGrath
Selected problems in urban and regional planning; applications of zoning, environmental controls, tax incentives, and other techniques available for the implementation of development plans
208 Land Use and Urban Transportation Planning (3) McGrath
Relationships between land use and the movement of goods and people. Examination of land use and transportation planning principles, issues, and techniques. Roles of public and private interests in land use and transportation planning and management.
219 Seminar: Urban Climate (3) Cheung
Inadvertent climate modification due to urbanization and impacts on environmental and human health.
220 Seminar: Climatic Change (3) Cheung
Examination of natural and human-induced climatic change, at global, regional, and local scales.
222 Seminar: Resources and the Environment (3) Fuller
Topics related to the spatial variations and interrelationships of resources and the environment; applications of geographic information systems and remote sensing.
223 Seminar: Population and Health (3) Chacko
Interrelationships between population and the environment and impacts on human health.
230 Seminar: Environmental Issues in Development (3) Fuller
A consideration of the differential regional implications of and responses to resource and environmental policy decisions due to regional differences in societal and physical parameters.
243 Seminar: Urban Geography (3) McGrath, Benton-Short
Topics concerning social, political, economic, and environmental issues in U.S. cities.
244 Seminar: Urban Environmental Systems (3) Benton-Short
Urban environmental issues in developed and developing cities.
261 Geographical Perspectives on Latin America (3) Price
Natural resources, the environment, and population dynamics through time.
265 Seminar: Geography of the Former Soviet Union (3) STAFF
Survey of the regions and major topical themes of the geography of the former Soviet Union, including population, energy, agriculture, transportation, and regional development.
266 Seminar: Geographic Perspectives on Contemporary China (3) STAFF
China's development prospects: environmental constraints, population growth, and regional differences in the context of Chinese cultural patterns and political organization.
5 Environmental Geology (3) Lewis, Hanchar, Teng
Lecture, laboratory.
An introduction to the impact of geology on the environment, with emphasis on the relation of people and society to natural environments; population evolution, natural hazards, and mineral resources.
Laboratory fee, $35.
Credit will not be given for both EES 1 and 5. (Fall and spring)
6 Science and the Environment (3) Teng
The large-scale processes operating within the atmosphere, oceans, and solid Earth. Prerequisite: EES 1 or 5. (Spring)
105 Geological Hazards in Land-Use Planning (3) STAFF
Lecture and laboratory.
An analysis of geological hazards and related factors that affect land-use planning. Field trip.
Prerequisite: EES 1 or 5 or permission of instructor.
Laboratory fee, $30. (Spring)
125 Marine Geology (3) Kravitz
Lecture and map work.
Principles of oceanography and submarine geology; topography, crustal structure, sedimentary processes, and marine environment.
Prerequisite: Geol 1 or permission of instructor. (Spring)
191-92 Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies (3-3) Merchant
Directed reading and discussion of contemporary environmental problems. Limited to majors in environmental studies or environmental science or with permission of instructor.
193 Introduction to Environmental Law (3) McGuirl
An introduction to selected pieces of major environmental legislation. The role of the courts and bureaucracy in implementing and interpreting legislation. Impact on decision making. (Fall)
275 Geochemistry of Groundwater (3) Teng
Application of geochemical principles to the interpretation and prediction of groundwater activity in regional systems; carbonate and silicate equilibrium; weathering and redox reactions; isotopes; and contaminated aquifers.
Prerequisite: EES 174 or CE 219 or permission of instructor. (Spring, even years)
276 Advanced Groundwater: Modeling (3) STAFF
Application of numerical models to solving groundwater supply and contamination problems. Model design, boundary conditions, sources/sinks, calibration and strengths and limitations of models.
Prerequisite: EES 174 or CE 219 or permission of instructor.
A knowledge of a programming language is desirable. (Spring, odd years)
167 Themes in U.S. Cultural History (3) Mergen
An examination of the special ideas, values, and modes of expression that have made American life distinctive, as revealed through a variety of sources, including fiction, popular media, photography and the arts, and material culture. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs.
93 Africa: Problems and Prospects (3) STAFF
Aspects of the environment, culture, and politics as they affect the present and anticipated future of Africa. (Spring)
225 Environmental Policy (3) Rycroft
A research seminar designed to examine policy protect the human and physical environment. Topics covered include: complexity and the environment, science, technology and global environmental policy, roles of the public and private sectors, risk as an integrating concept, regulations vs. markets, and recycling and pollution prevention.
430 Environmental Law (2 or 3) Hsu, Reitze
Introduction to the basic theories and statutes of environmental law as a means of understanding why and how environmental activity is regulated. Emphasis on the reasons for regulation and the theories behind environmental protection, which range from the economic school to the "eco-centric" school. Discussion begins with common law remedies for environmental injuries such as nuisance and torts remedies and leads to the regulatory alternative, with a single primary command and control statute—the Clean Air Act—used to emphasize the practical and legal issues surrounding the regulation of the environment. Other statutes, including the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA), the Clean Water Act (CWA), and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), are covered to a lesser extent. Not for credit toward an LL.M. in environmental law. (Examination) (Fall—day; spring—evening)
432 Air Pollution Control (2 or 3) Reitze
An in-depth analysis of the Clean Air Act. Topics include the history of air pollution control, air quality planning, standard setting, technology-based controls, incineration, indoor air pollution, permitting, and control of electrical utilities. (Examination) (Fall—day)
433 Environmental Law Enforcement (2 or 3) Reitze
Enforcement procedures found in federal environmental laws, including record-keeping, monitoring, inspections, administrative compliance orders and penalties, civil penalties, and criminal penalties. Emergency responses, citizen suits, attorney fees, and equitable remedies are covered. Prerequisite: Law 430, 432, or 434. (Examination)
434 Water Pollution Control (2) Downing, Grumbles
Introduction to water pollution control and the Clean Water Act, with emphasis on water quality requirements and policies affecting industrial, municipal, and agricultural/development interests. Related federal laws and policies involving wetlands, watersheds, coastal pollution, oil spills, groundwater, and safe drinking water. (Examination) (Fall—evening)
435 International Trade and Environmental Law (2) DiLeva, Petsonk
The relationship between international trade and environmental law, with emphasis on the newly created World Trade Organization and the Uruguay Round agreements; regional trade agreements such as NAFTA; the effect of the 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade on national environmental and food safety standards; and the use of trade measures in environmental treaties such as the Montreal Protocol on ozone depletion, the Basel Convention on hazardous waste export, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. The relationship between the Biodiversity Convention and the treatment of intellectual property rights under GATT. (Examination) (Spring—evening)
436 Water Resources Law (2) STAFF
Federal and state powers over water; riparian and prior appropriation doctrines. Rights to surface use of water bodies; groundwater management; interstate allocation of water resources. Recommended as an introductory course. (Examination)
437 Coastal, Navigation, and Wetlands Resource Law (2) Wood
Federal statutory and constitutional law governing the development, regulation, and protection of the waters of the United States, including wetlands. Focus on federal and state regulation and protection of wetlands and other aquatic resources, with special emphasis on Clean Water Act Section 404. Other topics include the evolution of federal authority over the navigable waters of the United States; legal issues involved in the planning, construction, and operation of federal water resource development projects by federal and state agencies (i.e., for navigation, flood control, hydropower, water supply, etc.); the federal navigation servitude; the Coastal Zone Management Act; the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (i.e., the "Ocean Dumping Act"); the London Dumping Convention; and Fifth Amendment "regulatory takings." (Examination) (Spring—evening)
438 Energy Law (2 or 3) Jacobson, Nordhaus
Survey of federal regulation of the major energy industries, including the electric and hydroelectric industries, oil and gas pipelines, nuclear energy, and renewable energy. Applicable statutory and case law, current energy legislation, and related economic and environmental factors affecting energy industries. (Research paper) (Spring—day)
440 Natural Resources Law (2) Dreher
Introduction to federal public lands (BLM lands, national forests, national parks, and national wildlife refuges) and the legal issues related to their multiple resource uses—forestry, mining, water, recreation, wildlife, endangered species, and wilderness. Principles of federal and state authority over these lands. Administrative law and practice governing land-management agency decision making and litigation challenging such decisions. Focus on topical case studies, statutory materials, and caselaw. (Examination) (Spring—evening)
441 Regulation and Management of Ecosystems (2) STAFF
Study of the recreational and preservationist uses of lands from the perspective of ecosystem management as an appropriate legal and managerial tool. The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act and the Endangered Species Act along with other laws regulating wildlife management will be examined. (Examination)
442 Control of Solid and Hazardous Wastes (RCRA & CERCLA) (2 or 3)
Mounteer, Nielson
Analysis of the federal and state laws and regulatory schemes relating to the control of toxic and hazardous substances. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("Superfund") are examined. (Problem assignments) (Fall—evening)
444 Regulation of Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals (FIFRA & TSCA) (2)
STAFF
Examination of federal regulation of pesticides and industrial chemicals. The portion of the course pertaining to pesticides focuses on the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act: how risk assessment is used in the registration and cancellation of pesticides under FIFRA and tolerance setting under FFDCA. The second portion of the course focuses on the Toxic Substances Control Act and how it affects commercial production, processing, distribution, and use of chemicals. (Examination)
449 Toxic Tort Litigation (2) Hicks
The use of common law remedies to compensate those injured by diseases caused by toxins and characterized by long latency periods and, usually, relatively low levels of exposure. Insurance, workers compensation, and evidentiary issues. (Examination) (Fall—day)
450 Federal Facilities Environmental Law Issues (2) Van Ness
Analysis of the legal framework governing environmental law compliance at federal facilities. Review of a wide range of environmental, fiscal, and other laws that uniquely regulate federal installations and operations. Topics include the National Environmental Policy Act, statutes governing management and conservation of federal property, expenditure of federal funds, public involvement in federal environmental decision making, federalstate sovereignty issues, federal agency litigation, and professional responsibility issues.
Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment: Law 432, 434, and 442. (Problem assignments) (Spring—day)
452 Environmental Issues in Business Transactions (2 or 3) Mounteer
Focus on applied environmental law. Emphasis on environmental compliance counseling, identifying environmental issues in business and real estate transactions, and drafting techniques to avoid environmental problems. Topics include environmental audits, securities disclosure issues, green advertising, criminal liability for officers, environmental liability for purchase of stock and corporate assets, lender liability, and partnership liability. Prerequisite: any environmental law course. (Take-home examination) (Spring—evening)
454 International Environmental Law (2 or 3) Murphy
The treaty negotiation process, role of international institutions in developing and implementing environmental agreements, relationship between environmental law and international issues, developing countries' perspectives on environmental issues, and social and cultural changes that affect the implementation of environmental law. Issues covered include climate change, export of hazardous waste, deforestation and biodiversity, Antarctica, and environmental concerns in war, human rights, and development financing. (Examination) (Fall—day)
456 Environmental Planning (2) STAFF
Impact of environmental laws on government decision making, including administrative law issues, comprehensive transportation planning, the National Environmental Policy Act, historic preservation, parkland protection, the Coastal Zone Management Act, wetlands protection, farmland protection, the Endangered Species Act and other wildlife issues, mitigation of environmental impacts, role of governmental policies relating to the environment, legislative issues, and state environmental laws. (Examination)
457 Sustainable Regional Growth Seminar (2) STAFF
Focus on the emerging field of "smart growth"— regional development that takes into account economic, environmental, and social considerations. Factors influencing sprawl; urban trends in the U.S. and abroad; and new legal and interdisciplinary approaches to promote comprehensive planning, urban redevelopment, and regional competitiveness. (Research Paper)
458 Environmental Negotiations (2) Juni, Rogers
Negotiation and alternative dispute resolution theories and processes, focusing on complex environmental disputes and transactions involving multiple parties and scientific or technical issues. Students participate in negotiation and mediation exercises both in and outside of class, using diagnostic and other tools useful for pre-negotiation preparation, mid-negotiation analysis, and post-negotiation evaluation of proposed agreements or deadlock.
Prerequisite: completion of at least 6 credits of environmental law courses or permission of the instructor. Credit may not be earned for both Law 458 and 648. (Simulation and short papers) (Fall—evening)
464 Environmental Crimes (2) Reitze, Mushal
Focus on crimes under various federal environmental statutes, including the interplay of statutory and regulatory provisions that define such crimes, development of investigations and prosecutions, the rationale for criminal sanctions for certain environmental violations, and salient policies and issues associated with environmental crimes. Prior experience with environmental law from either an academic or a practical perspective is recommended. (Examination) (Fall—evening)
465 Environmental Crimes Project (1 or 2) Turley
Focus on litigation and legislative projects relating to environmental crime. Students work on federal or state legislation to enhance both the existing environmental criminal laws and the resources available for their enforcement. Students also work with the instructor on developing environmental criminal cases around the country.
Prerequisite: Law 430 and 464. The instructor's approval is required for enrollment. Students may enroll concurrently in this course and Law 668 only with permission of both instructors. This course is graded on a CR/NC basis. (Writing and project assignments) (Spring)
466 Environmental Law Seminar (2) Page
Selected topics in environmental law to be announced at the time of registration. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs.
Enrollment is limited. For LL.M. students; J.D. students may enroll only with permission of the environmental law program director. (Research paper) (Fall—day)
467 Environmental Legislation Project (1, 2, 3, or 4) Turley
Open to second-, third-, and fourth-year students with permission of the instructor. Legislative research and drafting projects related to environmental issues. Students work under supervision of the instructor in conjunction with federal and state legislators and committees to draft specific bills or background papers for congressional committees or state bodies.
Enrollment is limited. The grade of H, P, LP, or NC is given for this course. Prerequisite or concurrent registration: Law 430. Students may enroll concurrently in this course and Law 668 only with permission of both instructors. (Fall and spring)
468 Graduate Environmental Placement (1, 2, 3, or 4) Reitze
The student works on a project in the environmental law field under the supervision of both the faculty director of the program and a lawyer practicing environmental law. The project may involve working with a government agency, a congressional committee, a private practitioner, or a nonprofit public-interest environmental organization.
Admission to the course is limited to LL.M. students with permission of the environmental law program director. Students pursuing the LL.M. degree in Sustainable Growth and Environmental Law must take this course for a minimum of 3 credit hours. Students may earn no more than a total of 4 credit hours for this course. This course is graded on a CR/NC basis. Five hours of work per week are required for each credit. (Fall, spring, summer)
MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING (MAE)
236 Materials Recycling and Recovery (3) Gilmore
Techniques and technologies for recovering and reusing waste materials. Relationships of recycling and waste reduction to energy conservation and environmental impact; legal, economic, institutional, and environmental policy aspects of recycling and waste reduction.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (As arranged)
259 Solar Heating Systems (3) STAFF
Methods of solar energy collection and storage. Theory of flat-plate collectors, solar energy system analysis, design of solar water-heating and space-heating systems, economics of solar heating systems. Passive solar heating systems. Solar industrial process heat. Prerequisite: MAE 187 or equivalent. (Fall, odd years)
260 Heating and Air-Conditioning of Buildings (3) STAFF
Heating and cooling load calculations, system design and energy consumption analysis. Codes and standards for building energy management, energy conservation. Heating and air-conditioning systems; central-control systems. Cost estimates.
Prerequisite: MAE 187 or equivalent. (Spring, odd years)
261 Air Pollution (3) STAFF
Introductory course on the generation, monitoring, and control of air pollution. Atmospheric pollutants; current levels and health problems. Combustion chemistry and mixing. Photochemical processes; smog and measurements. Atmospheric dispersion; inversion and acid rain.
Prerequisite: approval of department. (Fall, odd years)
281 Environmental Philosophy and Policy (3) Churchill, Brand-Ballard
Development of philosophical frameworks for analyzing and appraising a wide range of environmental issues and modes of analysis. Attention to both classical problems (pollution, biodiversity) and the new "sustainable economy/ecology" paradigm shift, and to both microeconomic and biocentric modes of analysis and argument.
124 Issues in Domestic Public Policy (3) Stoker, Balla
Examination of the decision-making process and the substance of various issues in domestic public policy in such areas as crime, economics, education, energy, the environment, poverty, and health. (Fall and spring)
242 Politics and Practice of International Institutions (3) Finnemore, Voeten
The politics of international institutions in the areas of collective security, peace keeping, trade, money, development, environment, human rights. (Fall)
249 International Security Politics (3) Avant, Goldgeier, Dassa Kaye
The major theoretical debates in the field of international security. Topics include the causes of war, civil-military relations, deterrence, arms control, alliance formation, crisis management, technological dependence, ethnicity, migration, and environmental degradation.
266 Environmental and Social Sustainability Policy (3) Starik
(Cross-listed with SMPP 290)
377 Seminar: Foundations of Environmental Policy and Management (3)
STAFF
Interdisciplinary approach to current issues in environmental policy and management. (Spring)
110 Introduction to Global Health and Socioeconomic Development (3)
STAFF
Basic concepts of development theory, international health policy, demographic trends, and health promotion; overview of how the intersection between socioeconomic development and global health can be observed, measured, and used for the management of health programs.
111 Ecology, Health, and Social Development (3) STAFF
Survey of the intersection between health and social development and environmental trends. Topics on the micro level include household and community sanitation and the interaction between human populations and domestic animals. Topics on the macro level include deforestation, urban contamination, and desertification. Prerequisite: PubH 110.
112 Health, Human Rights, and Displaced Persons (3) STAFF
Concepts of health as a human right, ethics, and the participation of the international community in moving towards health for all. The central focus of analysis is the role of civil and international conflict and the generation of displaced populations.
115 Global Delivery of Health Services (3) STAFF
Introduction to health systems and the basic concepts of health systems administration, financing, and health care reform, using examples from advanced, middle-income, and poor countries.
160 Introduction to Environmental-Occupational Health Sciences (2-3)
STAFF
Introduction to principles of environmental and occupational health sciences, including principles of inorganic and organic chemistry.
180 Topics in Public Health (1 to 3) STAFF
Topic announced in the Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs.
190 Introduction to Public Health and Health Services (3) STAFF
Introduction to aspects of public health and health services, including health services administration and policy, maternal and child health, environmental health, and health promotion-disease prevention.
191 Biological Basis of Public Health (3) STAFF
Basic science principles of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology and their applications to public health.
192 Introduction to Preventive Medicine (3) STAFF
Introduction to the clinical science basis of preventive medicine, including nutrition, infectious diseases, immunology, and human growth and development. Overview of the goals and methods used for disease prevention.
193 Principles of Health Education and Health Promotion (3) STAFF
Principles and concepts of health education and the role of the health educator in various settings. Foundations of health promotion and communicating health concepts to the public, with a focus on strategies for developing health messages for specific populations.
194 Applications of Health Education and Health Promotion (3) STAFF
Prepares students to act as resource persons in health education. The process of developing health interventions in community settings and providing services to other health professionals, marketing health initiatives, and coordinating health education services in a variety of settings. The role of health educators in addressing health disparities among specific vulnerable groups.
207 Environment, Energy, Technology, and Society (3) Starik
(Cross-listed with SMPP 207)
The identification, examination, and evaluation of how environment, energy, and technology are interrelated and how these interactions influence policy formulation and implementation at the international, national, regional, industrial, and organizational levels. (Fall)
120 The Religions Wage Peace (3) Yeide
Resources in various world religions that contribute to peacemaking in both interpersonal and political settings. Ways in which the religions have sponsored and/or tolerated violence.
121 Ethics and World Religions (3) Yeide
Modern concepts of ethics and their relation to major world religions; religion as stimulus and barrier to moral change; modern moral issues and religious ethics.
123 Issues in Jewish Ethics (3) Eisen
Exploration of current debates about major ethical issues among Jewish thinkers in the Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform denominations; issues in bioethics, feminism, attitudes towards non-Jews, social action, the ethics of war.
146 Christianity and the Modern World (3) Wallace
Changes in Christian life and thought since 1700, as seen in theology, literature, political life, and religious institutions.
156 The Goddess in India and Beyond (3) Hiltebeitel
The goddess traditions of Hinduism, with some attention to goddess traditions in the ancient Near East and the Mediterranean. Classical Sanskritic, Tantric, and popular expressions of Hindu goddess worship. Comparative studies and issues of gender.
160 Buddhism (3) Hiltebeitel
Origin, development, and contemporary status of Buddhist life and thought; its impact on Asia.
185 Early Daoist Religion (3) STAFF
No description available at this time.
186 Shamanism with an Emphasis in China (3) STAFF
No description available at this time.
775 Man and the Natural Environment Nasr
Spring 2004 and occasionally. No description available at this time.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY (SMPP)
210 Strategic Environmental Management (3) Starik
Examination and analysis of the orientation and actions of private, public, and nonprofit sectors in relation to their natural environments. Emphasis on organizational interaction and effectiveness, particularly regarding business firms and industry, on issues of environmental quality and sustainability. (Spring)
213 Management of Strategic Issues (3) Griffin
The body of management theory and practice that has evolved to identify, analyze, and resolve strategic organizational issues. Methodology of the field; applications to critical issues in labor relations, energy and pollution, marketing and consumerism, business-government relations, and the global economy. (Fall)
290 Environmental and Social SustainabilityPolicy (3) Starik
(Cross-listed with PAd 266)
Current issues in environmental policy: biodiversity, land use including wilderness protection, climate change, environmental justice, economic growth, and ecological sustainability. (Spring)
290 Sustainable Communities and Organizations (3) Starik
Identification, analysis, and evaluation of several sustainable community and organizational projects in the British Columbia (Canada) Gulf Islands. Course focus in on learning about and providing project deliverables to both for-profit and nonprofit organizations interested in advancing sustainability. (Summer)
290 Non-Profit/Sustainability Consulting Practicum (3) Starik
A series of briefings on management consulting inputs, processes, and outcomes, with particular attention to sustainability and/or non-profit organization consulting opportunities and challenges. Course focus is on providing deliverables to clients. (Summer)
291 Ethics and Business (3) Lenn, Starik
An in-depth, comprehensive exploration, analysis, and evaluation of specific for profit and non-profit organization values, approaches, and outcomes related to multiple ethical ideals, systems, and practices.
ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION RESOURCES
AT THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
Environmental and Social Sustainability Initiative at the GWU:
The Mid-Atlantic Center for Children’s Health and Environment:
http://www.gwu.edu/~macche/index.html
The GWU Institute of Materials Science: