2. John Madigan, CBS newsman, was moderator of "Face the Nation."

     3. In the immediate postwar years, the Democratic Party had two liberal wings — the purists and the pragmatists. The purists, led by Herbert Lehman, argued that the party had to stand for a specific set of principles and promote policies based on these principles regardless of whether or not that legislation could be passed. Pragmatic liberals, such as Hubert Humphrey, believed that the party had to introduce legislation that could get passed and that gradual implementation of liberal goals was better than no implementation at all. All Democratic liberals, however, embraced a political philosophy that was quite optimistic. Liberals embraced organized labor and supported civil rights; believed that the government should have an active role in assuring all citizens a basic quality of life; supported capitalist economic policies but argued that the government and private enterprise should partner to develop programs that created a climate of individual growth rather than corporate profit; and, while strongly anti-communist, they disagreed among themselves over how best to protect civil liberties and curtail communism's influence. JFK's ideological and personal aloofness increased liberals' distrust of him. As historian Steve Gillon argues, JFK's politics produced "a number of reservations" within the liberal camp. His "relatively limited exposure to issues, his failure to vote for McCarthy's censure, and the influence of his isolationist father" gave them great concern. He did not display the usual liberal passion and instead presented a "liberalism without tears." As one prominent Democratic liberal recalled, Kennedy "smiled, he was charming, but there was no outgoing affection, or warmth, or even indignation. He was master of what he was saying and he could say it vigorously, but there wasn't the passion that Hubert [Humphrey] put into it." [Steven M. Gillon, Politics and Vision: The ADA and American Liberalism (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), pp. 131-133.]

     4. Typographical error "dou" corrected.

     5. JFK, after undergoing two spinal fusions at the New York Hospital for Special Surgery, was absent from the Senate for seven months, returning May 23, 1955. [Eric Sevareid, ed., Candidates 1960: Behind the Headlines in the Presidential Race (New York: Basic Books, 1959), p. 205.]

     6. The Senate was reluctant to censure McCarthy for specific allegations of abuse of senatorial privilege and libel for fear that such action might later be construed as establishing a precedent that would both undermine the independence of the Senate and place other outspoken senators at risk. Instead, a majority of the Senate rallied around the argument that McCarthy's real crime was that his conduct demonstrated repeated "indifference to the folkways of the Senate." [David M. Oshinsky, A Conspiracy So Immense: The World of Joe McCarthy (New York: The Free Press, 1983), pp. 476-77.] (See ER, "On My Own," 3/8/58, n2)

     7. ER had submitted her manuscript On My Own to Harper & Brothers for publication. As part of its marketing campaign, chapters of the book were serialized in the Saturday Evening Post. The fifth and final installment discussed ER's recollections of the 1956 Democratic National Convention and the 1956 presidential campaign. [Eleanor Roosevelt On My Own (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1958), pp. 157-75.]

     8. Typographical error "," corrected.