For any entrepreneur, before launching a business, there are two essential questions that must be asked:
How much money do we need?
When do we need the money?
The answers to these two questions are derived from the assumptions made in other areas of the business plan. Although the financial plan is not a very exciting portion of the business plan, it is where objectives, assumptions, strategies and tactics are quantified.
Every financial plan should have three sections:
cash-flow statement
income statement; and
balance sheet
Cash-flow
Cash is what enables a company to remain in operation. Although
your business might be profitable, without a positive cash flow, the company
could go out of business. Once the company is launched, monitoring
the cash flow will help you decide if you need to secure a bank loan or
other financing when expanding operations.
Income Statement
The second portion of the financial plan should include the income
statement. This is the area that shows the company's profit or loss.
This statement differs little from the cash flow statement, except that
the cash flow statement is a more accurate indicator of the actual cash
on hand at a particular moment.
Balance Sheet
The balance sheet highlights your corporations assets and liabilities
at a particular point in time. The assets are broken down into current
assets, like cash and accounts receivable and fixed assets, like office
furniture and photocopiers, while liabilities encompass both current liabilities,
such as accounts payable and long-term liabilities.
World Wide Web sites
So where can you go on the internet for assistance developing all these
complex financial documents?
The best site I found was the Small Business Administration site, located at:
http://www.sbaonline.sba.gov
On this site, you'll find a business plan workshop, which includes
all the necessary forms to develop a financial management plan including
worksheets for cash flow, income projections and balance sheets
as well as multiple listing for financial software.
http://www.inc.com/finance/
The editors at Inc. Magazine have assembled an electronic guide to
finance. This web site includes:
gateways to financial bulletin boards, newsgroups and listserves where
you can have your financial questions answered;
links to web sites, such as the Ohio University's virtual library on
finance and investments; and
tutorials and glossaries to assist with learning about financial plans
http://brc.uwindsor.ca/
This Business Resource Center is home to a library of financial resources
and also includes links to small business consulting. There are many
web sites on the internet for firms, companies and consultants all offering
their financial management expertise to companies that are just getting
started.
By spending the time on developing a solid financial plan and evaluating
different scenarios, the small business owner has an opportunity to perform
a trial run of the business without having to pay if it turns out that
the idea is not profitable.