Distribution Channel
A distribution channel is a system transferring the products, money, promotional
effects, and information from and to the customers. It is one of the most
important marketing tools, and affects the selection and utilization of
all other marketing tools. Unlike other marketing tools, such as pricing,
packaging, or product mix, the selection of distribution and sales decisions
are much more difficult to change.
Potential members of your distribution channel may vary depending on
whether your product is Business Goods or Consumer Goods. (Please check
diagrams on the web site of University of Dayton; Consumer
Goods Channels, Business
Goods Channels.)
A small company usually has to work harder to focus limited resources,
especially with distribution and sales force options. Sometimes, especially
at the early stage of development, the only sales force option can be for
the owner to do it himself or herself. But its distribution channels and
accompanying sales force should be matched against company marketing objectives.
If a company wants to sell a high-quality product to upscale customers,
the company should distribute the product through upscale channels that
cater to the exclusive target group. If a company is aiming at foreign
countries, the company should use a distribution channel which covers those
geographical areas.
Further, it may be wise to prioritize the orderly development and attack
each distribution channel in order of easiest entry and least competitive
resistance. The SOHO guidebook provides the following key factors to prioritize
your distribution channel.
-
financial resources and risks ("How much money do we have to risk against
our objectives and marketing programs?")
-
competitors' strengths and market share ("Are they big enough and mean
enough to hurt us, and what are their objectives?")
-
management experience by channel ("What do we know about each channel's
opportunities and threats?")
-
product positioning to target buyers ("Will the strengths of our product
uniqueness help sell it to interested buyers and can we communicate our
uniqueness effectively?")
Best Distribution
Channel Web sites
The
SOHO Guidebook: Choosing distribution methods
Best web sites for small business marketing tools
with cases
American
Express: Small Business Exchange
Including much information about exporting
Inc.
Online Small Business Resource Index: Distribution -- Channels
Many cases about distribution channels from Inc.
Magazine
By
Masashi Kiryu