ANTHROPOLOGY

University Professor B. Wood

Professors A.S. Brooks, C.J. Allen, J.M. Vlach, J.C. Kuipers, B.D. Miller, R.R. Grinker, P.W. Lucas (Research)

Associate Professors E.H. Cline, M. Edberg, B.G. Richmond (Chair), S.C. Lubkemann, C. Sherwood, A.S. Dent, J. Blomster, I. Feldman, R. Bobe

Assistant Professors R.M. Bernstein, R. Shepherd, E. Uretsky, S.C. McFarlin, C.M. Murray

Professorial Lecturers P.J. Cressey, D.H. Ubelaker, R. Potts, J. Love, S. Johnston, L. Brown, M. Merritt

Bachelor of Arts with a major in anthropology-The following requirements must be fulfilled:

1. The general requirements stated under Columbian College of Arts and Sciences.

2. Prerequisite courses-Anth 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004.

3. Required courses in other areas-(a) two-year proficiency in a foreign language approved by the Anthropology Department; (b) 6-12 credits of course work in related departments approved by the advisor. Recommended for sociocultural emphasis are courses in economics, history, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology; for archaeological emphasis, courses in American studies, art history, geography, geological sciences, and history; for emphasis in biological anthropology, courses in anatomy, biological sciences, chemistry, and physical geography; for emphasis in linguistic anthropology, courses in linguistics and in speech and hearing science. Courses in statistics are strongly recommended for all anthropology majors.

4. Requirements for the major-In addition to the four prerequisite courses, 24-36 credits in anthropology courses, including Anth 2008, an approved methods course, and at least one course from four of the following five categories: aspects of culture, linguistics, ethnology, biological anthropology, and archaeology. In addition, a senior capstone experience is required; it may be met by taking Anth 4008, 3995 (for 3 credits), or an approved 6000-level course. Qualified seniors may enroll in graduate-level courses with the permission of the instructor. Up to 6 credits of ethnographic or archaeological field school credit may be accepted and applied toward the major. Opportunities are available for field and laboratory research, both within the department and as internships in the Washington area. Credit for such work (not to exceed one-quarter of the student's total upper-division credits in anthropology) may be granted through registration in Anth 3995.

See www.gwu.edu\~anth for courses that fulfill requirements indicated here.

Bachelor of Arts with a major in archaeology-An interdepartmental major offered by the Anthropology Department in cooperation with the Fine Arts and Art History Department and the Classical and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Department. The following requirements must be fulfilled:

1. The general requirements stated under Columbian College of Arts and Sciences.

2. Prerequisite courses-Anth 1002 and 1003.

3. Required courses in other areas-12 credits or equivalent in French, Spanish, Italian, German, Arabic, Hebrew, Latin, or Greek. Since graduate study in archaeology usually involves broader preparation and requires knowledge of at least one classical and one modern language, students intending to pursue graduate study should consult with the departmental advisor as early as possible in their undergraduate program.

4. Requirements for the major-(a) Anth 3838; (b) 18 credits of approved anthropological archaeology courses selected from the Anth 3800s that include 3-6 credits of field and laboratory work; (c) 15 credits selected from designated courses in ancient civilizations, with at least one course chosen in art history, classics, history, and regional archaeology. A given course can count toward only one category. In all cases, cross-listed courses may be substituted. See www.gwu.edu\~anth for more detailed information.

Bachelor of Science with a major in biological anthropology-The following requirements must be fulfilled:

1. The general requirements stated under Columbian College of Arts and Sciences.

2. Prerequisite courses-Anth 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004; BiSc 1111- 12.

3. Required courses-12 credit hours in biological anthropology and Paleolithic archaeology (Anth 3400s and 3832, 3802); 8 credit hours of approved upper-division BiSc courses; a minimum of 3 credit hours in a related natural or physical science or mathematics; 6 credit hours of sociocultural or linguistic anthropology or archaeology as listed above. The major in biological anthropology may not be pursued in conjunction with the major in anthropology.

Combined Bachelor of Arts with a major in anthropology or archaeology or Bachelor of Science with a major in biological anthropology and Master of Arts in the field of anthropology-Students interested in the dual degree program should consult the department before the beginning of the junior year.

Special Honors-For Special Honors in anthropology, archaeology, or biological anthropology, a major must meet the special honors requirements stated under University Regulations, have a grade-point average of 3.5 or better in courses required for the major, register for 3 credit hours of Anth 3995, Undergraduate Research, and write a paper of special distinction arising out of a program of directed reading or research. Students must confer with an advisor before beginning the work.

Minor in general anthropology-21 credit hours are required, including Anth 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, and three additional courses in anthropology, which must be taken in different subdisciplines. For the purposes of this minor, the department's courses may be divided into subdisciplines as follows: biological anthropology-courses in the 3400s and 1005; archaeology-the 3800s; anthropological linguistics-the 2600s and 3600s; sociocultural anthropology-all other upper-division courses, with the exception of Anth 3995.

Minor in archaeology-18 credit hours are required, including Anth 1003, 3838, and four courses chosen from Anth 3800s. An independent study course in archaeology or an approved art history course may be substituted for one of the four courses.

Minor in biological anthropology-16 credit hours are required, including Anth 1001 and 9 credits chosen from Anth 3400s and 1005; an approved field or research course or an approved course or course sequence in a related field (including biological sciences, geological sciences, psychology, statistics, and certain other disciplines).

Minor in sociocultural anthropology-18 credit hours are required, including Anth 1002; one course in ethnography (Anth 3700s); four courses in aspects of culture or methods and theory (Anth 3500s and 2501, 2533, 2532, 3991, 2008).

Minor in cross-cultural communication-18 credit hours are required, including Anth 1002, 1004; two courses in the Anth 3600s, one of which must be 3601 or 3602; a course in the 3500s or 3991; a course in the 3700s.

With permission, a limited number of graduate courses in the department may be taken for credit toward an undergraduate degree. See the Graduate Programs Bulletin for course listings.

The green leaf indicates that the course addresses environmental, social or economic sustainability.

1001	Biological Anthropology (4)	Richmond, Bernstein, and Staff
	Survey of human evolution, genetics and physical variation, and primatology. Regular laboratory exercises. Laboratory fee.(Fall and spring)
1002	Sociocultural Anthropology (3)	Grinker, Miller, and Staff
	Survey of the world's cultures, illustrating the principles of cultural behavior.(Fall and spring)
1003	Archaeology (3)	Cline, Blomster, and Staff
	Introduction to archaeological survey and excavation techniques and laboratory methods of dating and analysis. Brief history of archaeology and survey of world prehistory. Films and laboratory exercises.(Fall and spring)
1004	Language in Culture and Society (3)	Kuipers, Dent, and Staff
	Comparison and analysis of how cultures use language to communicate. The relationship of language to issues of human nature, gender, race, class, artistic expression, and power. (Spring and summer)
1005	The Biological Bases of Human Behavior (4)	Richmond, Bernstein
	Human behavior from an evolutionary perspective, including issues such as communication, intelligence, reproductive behavior, parental behavior, aggression, and cooperation, and drawing on an understanding of the behavior and biology of the nonhuman primates. Laboratory fee.
2008	Foundations of Anthropological Thought (3)	Allen, Grinker, Lubkemann
	The development of anthropological thought in historical context. Exploration of selected basic concepts and theories of contemporary anthropology. To be taken in the junior or senior year. Prerequisite: Anth 1002. (Spring)
2501	The Anthropology of Gender: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (3)	Staff
	Same as WStu 2121.
2505	Introduction to Ethnomusicology (3)	Staff
	Same as Mus 2105.
2532	Introduction to Folklore (3)	Vlach
	Survey of the forms of folk expression, including verbal art, music, dance, and material culture, and the interaction between folk forms and popular culture. The materials and methods of folklore research. Same as AmSt 2532.
2533	Material Culture in America (3)	Vlach
	Same as AmSt 2533.
2601	Language and Linguistic Analysis (3)	Kuipers and Staff
	Development of a fundamental understanding of the nature of language and its components, including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Discussion of major approaches, principles, and concerns in the field of linguistics. Same as Ling 2601. (Spring)
2750	Latinos in the United States (3)	Staff
	Same as AmSt 2750.
3401	Human Functional Anatomy (3)	Lucas
	The anatomy of the human body, how it works, and how it differs from other animals, especially other primates. Principles and approaches of functional morphology and biomechanics and how function can be reconstructed from fossils, with special focus on the musculoskeletal system. No prior knowledge of anatomy is required. Laboratory fee. Prerequisite: Anth 1001.
3402	Human Evolutionary Anatomy (3)	Richmond, Wood
	The structure and function of human anatomy, as compared to our closest relatives, the great apes. Using this comparative approach, the course investigates the fossil record of human evolution, with an emphasis on reconstructing relationships, function, behavior, and adaptation in fossil hominins. Prerequisite: Anth 1001. (Fall)
3403	Forensic Anthropology Laboratory (2)	Ubelaker
	Identification of human skeletal remains by body part, age, sex, race, and individual disease or trauma history; study of skeletal variation in modern and recent populations. Taught at the Smithsonian. Corequisite: Anth 3404.(Spring)
3404	Human Variation (1)	Ubelaker
	An overview of human variation, with special emphasis on the skeleton. Includes history of physical anthropology, individual and population variations, archaeological recovery of human remains, paleodemography, growth, paleopathology, and forensic anthropology. Prerequisite: Anth 1001; corequisite for undergraduates: Anth 3403. (Spring)
3405	Human Growth and Development (3)	Bernstein
	Modern human growth and development considered through an evolutionary perspective. The growth stages and life cycles of modern humans, emphasizing physiological and environmental influences and comparisons with extant non human primates and fossil hominids. Prerequisite: Anth 1001. Laboratory fee. (Spring, alternate years)
3406	Advanced Human Osteology (3)	Staff
	Advanced techniques in determination of age, sex, ancestry, and pathological conditions using the skeleton. Taught at the Smithsonian. Prerequisite: Anth 3403, 3404.
3411	Primatology (3)	Staff
	Physical and behavioral characteristics of the various primate groups and their relationship to human physical and cultural evolution. Prerequisite: Anth 1001. (Fall)
3412	Hominin Evolution (3)	Staff
	The fossil record of human evolution, including its context. Review of the fossil evidence that concentrates on the distinctive features of each taxon. Pleistocene remains. Laboratory fee. Prerequisite: Anth 1001.
3413	Evolution of the Human Brain (3)	Sherwood
	Examination of how the human brain is unique in comparison to other animals, with an emphasis on understanding our species' distinctive neurobiology in terms of the evolution of cognitive abilities such as language, social comprehension, tool making, and abstract thinking.
3491	Topics in Biological Anthropology (3)	Staff
	Topic announced in the Schedule of Classes. Instructors will be drawn from GW faculty and Smithsonian Institution staff. May be repeated for credit if topic varies. Prerequisite: Anth 1001.
3501	Development Anthropology (3)	Lubkemann and Staff
	The impact of the world economy on nonindustrial societies. Analysis of the role of anthropology in international development programs aimed at alleviating problems in the Third World. Prerequisite: Anth 1002.(Fall and spring)
3502	Cultural Ecology (3)	Staff
	Basic principles of cultural ecology. Human interaction with the ecosystem both past and present; emphasis on the application of anthropological precepts to current environmental problems. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3503	Psychological Anthropology (3)	Grinker
	The cross-cultural study of the relationship between culture and personality. Topics include emotion, conceptions of the self, mental health and illness, sexuality, marriage and parenting, and cognition. Psychobiological, cultural, ecological, and psychoanalytical theories are examined. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3504	Illness, Healing, and Culture (3)	Miller
	Introduction to medical anthropology. What the record of human evolution and prehistory tells about human health; the epidemiology of health and illness; how different cultures define disease; understanding illness and healing systems cross-culturally; and the role of medical anthropology in health care and international development. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3505	Religion, Myth, and Magic (3)	Allen and Staff
	Theories of religion developed by anthropologists; survey of world religions with emphasis on non-Western societies; religious processes and change. Same as Rel 3506.
3506	Politics, Ethnicity, and Nationalism (3)	Grinker
	Comparative analysis of political systems; political processes, such as factionalism, styles of leadership, political ritual. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3507	Kinship, Family, and Community (3)	Grinker
	Cross-cultural analysis of how people form, maintain, and transform social groups and boundaries. Focus on how communities such as family, ethnic group, and nation are defined in moral terms. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3508	Art and Culture (3)	Allen and Staff
	The role of art in culture, with emphasis on small-scale societies; influences upon the artist, and beliefs and practices associated with art production. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3509	Symbolic Anthropology (3)	Allen
	The study of culture through the analysis of symbolic systems including myth, cosmology, folklore, art, ritual, political symbolism, and the symbolic study of kinship. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or 1004 or permission of instructor.
3513	Human Rights and Ethics (3)	Shepherd, Feldman, and Staff
	Issues of basic human rights and their violation by different cultures, states, and organizations. Genocide, ecocide, abuses on the basis of ethnicity, religion, or similar factors, and the treatment of those seeking asylum. Rights of informants and groups studied in anthropological research. Prerequisite: Anth 1002. (Fall and spring)
3521	Ethnographic Film (3)	Kuipers and Staff
	Still and motion-picture photography as an integral aspect of anthropological research. A study of recent and historic ethnographic films and an introduction to the forms and methods of making visual ethnographic records. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor. Material fee.
3522	Anthropology in Performance (3)	Allen
	Exploration of the relationships among social interaction, ritual, and dramatic performance. Improvisation workshops and discussion based on readings about non-Western cultures.
3531	Methods in Sociocultural Anthropology (3)	Lubkemann and Staff
	Approaches to field research. Conceptual bases and biases in the delineation of problems and in the selection, analysis, and organization of data. Students design and carry out their own field projects in the Washington area. Prerequisite: Anth 1002. (Spring)
3601	Language, Culture, and Cognition (3)	Kuipers, Dent
	The role of language and culture in the organization of human experience. Beginning with debates about linguistic relativity, the course explores the way language use shapes cognition and practice in a variety of cultures and social contexts. Prerequisite: Anth 1004. Laboratory fee. Same as Ling 3601.(Fall, alternate years)
3602	Ethnographic Analysis of Speech (3)	Kuipers, Dent
	Linguistic variation and change in discourse practices; social and political correlates of linguistic interaction; recording, transcription, and analysis of verbal interaction. Prerequisite: Anth 1004. Laboratory fee. Same as Ling 3602. (Fall, alternate years)
3603	Psycholinguistics (3)	Staff
	Language as species-specific property of the human mind. Psychological processes involved in the encoding and decoding of language; first and second language acquisition and bilingualism. Same as Ling 3603.
3691	Special Topics in Linguistic Anthropology (3)	Kuipers and Staff
	Topic announced in the Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs. Prerequisite: Anth 1004 or permission of instructor. Same as Ling 3691.
3701	North American Native Peoples (3)	Staff
	Comparative study of Indian groups representative of the different culture areas of the United States and Canada. Contemporary issues involving indigenous groups, the wider society, and the state. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3702	Cultures of Latin America (3)	Allen, Dent, and Staff
	Culture history and ways of life in a selected region of Central or South America. Regional focus to be announced in the Schedule of Classes. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3703	Cultures of the Pacific (3)	Love
	Culture history and ways of life among native peoples of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3704	Cultures of Southeast Asia (3)	Kuipers
	Introduction to the history, art, ecology, and politics of Southeast Asia. Comparison and interpretation of recent ethnographic case studies, archaeological evidence, and current political events in order to understand the diversity of Southeast Asian traditions. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3705	Cultures of East Asia (3)	Shepherd and Staff
	Intensive study of the culture and history of selected peoples of East, Central, or South Asia. Specific area to be announced in the Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3707	Cultures of the Middle East (3)	Feldman
	Geographic environment, language, religion, and social structure of settled and nomadic peoples of the Middle East; emphasis on the Arab world. Prerequisite: Anth 1002. (Fall)
3708	Cultures of Africa (3)	Grinker, Lubkemann
	Comparative examination of the history, cultural development, and contemporary problems of sub-Saharan African cultures. New World African cultures are also considered. Prerequisite: Anth 1002 or permission of instructor.
3709	Japanese Culture Through Film (3)	Hamano
	Same as Japn 3162. (Spring)
3801	African Roots from Australopithecus to Zimbabwe (3)	Brooks
	The development and contributions of Africa from human beginnings through medieval states. Topics include human evolution, origins of art, technology, trade, and animal/plant domestication, rise of African states, early relations with Europe and Asia, antecedents of contemporary African diversity. Prerequisite: Anth 1003 or permission of instructor.
3802	Human Cultural Beginnings (3)	Brooks
	Survey of prehistory in Europe, Africa, and Asia from the earliest hominid cultures to the beginnings of agriculture. Prerequisite: Anth 1003. (Fall)
3803	Old World Prehistory: First Farmers to First Cities (3)	Cline and Staff
	Archaeology of the Near East, Egypt, Europe, and other areas, from the beginnings of agriculture to the rise of Babylon. Prerequisite: Anth 1003.(Spring)
3804	Origins of the State and Urban Society (3)	Blomster and Staff
	Emergence of urbanism and the state in the prehistory of different world regions. Prerequisite: Anth 1003.
3805	Archaeology of Israel and Neighboring Lands (3)	Cline
	The archaeology of Israel and adjacent areas (Syria, Jordan, Lebanon). Examination of many major sites and monuments. Significant problems and current debates. Same as AH 2106. (Fall)
3806	Art and Archaeology of the Aegean Bronze Age (3)	Staff
	Same as AH 2104.
3811	Historical Archaeology (3)	Cressey
	Survey of the basic data and methods of research in the material culture of recent history. Same as AmSt 3811. (Spring, alternate years)
3812	Power and Violence in the New World (3)	Blomster
	The use of power, violence, and resistance in New World societies, examined through archaeological, ethnohistoric, and ethnographic data. Specific topic announced in the Schedule of Classes.
3813	Archaeology of North America (3)	Staff
	History of American archaeology; survey of North American culture history from human entry into the Americas during the Pleistocene period until the time of the first European contacts. Focus on peoples north of Mexico. Prerequisite: Anth 1003.
3814	Archaeology of Mesoamerica (3)	Blomster
	Culture history of pre-Columbian societies in Middle America; the emergence of Mesoamerican civilization from the earliest hunter-gatherers and first farmers to the Aztec Empire. Prerequisite: Anth 1003.
3821	Myths and Mysteries in Archaeology (3)	Blomster, Johnston
	Topics ranging from King Arthur to Atlantis are used to illustrate how archaeological methods and techniques can falsify-or support-exotic beliefs about the past.
3822	Archaeology in Film and Television (3)	Cline and Staff
	As visual media increase public awareness of archaeology, misrepresentations and distortions abound. This course examines the relationships among archaeology, the media, and popular culture. Issues considered include nationalism, descendant communities, gender, race, and colonialism.
3823	Archaeology of Ritual and Religion (3)	Blomster and Staff
	Archaeological and ethnographic examples from around the world are used to critically evaluate how archaeologists make inferences about ritual practices and the religious lives of past peoples. Issues include the origins of symbolic behavior, sacred landscapes, shamanism, ancestor veneration, and sorcery/witchcraft.
3832	Paleoanthropological Field Program (3 or 6)	Brooks
	Intensive course on field research in paleoanthropology, including excavation methods, identification and analysis of materials, paleoecology, archaeology, and human anatomy. Conducted at selected sites in Eurasia, Africa, or Australia. Visits to comparative sites and collections in the region.(Summer)
3833	Field Research: New World (1 to 6)	Blomster
	Survey, excavation, and/or laboratory analysis at localities in North or South America. See Schedule of Classes for details. (Summer)
3834	Field Research: Old World (3)	Cline
	Survey, excavation, and/or laboratory analysis at Neolithic or later localities in Eurasia, Africa, or Oceania. See Schedule of Classes for details.(Summer)
3835	Historical Archaeology Field Program (3)	Cressey
	Practical experience with a variety of excavation and laboratory techniques in historical archaeology; specific site and topics announced in the Schedule of Classes. Same as AmSt 3835. (Summer)
3838	Theory and Practice in Archaeology (3)	Blomster, Brooks, and Staff
	The primary literature in archaeology theory since the 1960s. Ethics, topical issues, and archaeological practice. Prerequisite: Anth 1003. (Fall)
3839	Lab Research Methods in Archaeology (3)	Brooks, Blomster, and Staff
	Research methods and techniques used by archaeologists. Emphasis on hands-on experience in one or more techniques. Prerequisite: Anth 1003.(Spring, alternate years)
3891	Special Topics in Archaeology (3)	Staff
	Topic announced in the Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs. Prerequisite: Anth 1003 or permission of instructor.
3991	Special Topics (3)	Staff
	Topics announced in the Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for credit provided the topic differs.
3995	Undergraduate Research (arr.)	Staff
	Individual research problems to be arranged with a member of the faculty. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.
4008	Seminar: Contemporary Anthropological Theory (3)	Lubkemann, Grinker
	The development of major trends in anthropological theory. How anthropologists from the four fiends-sociocultural, linguistic, biological, and archaeology-have deployed and developed the ideas of theorists in their own empirical research and theorizing about specific processes. Prerequisite: Anth 2008.