Self-Assessment Module 6




Introduction Instructions Resources Assessment 1. Algebraic Notation and Operations 2. Descriptive Statistics 3. Tabular Displays of Data 4. Graphical Displays of Data 5. Research Topics, Theory, Constructs, Questions, and Hypothesis 6. Research Designs 7. Measurement 8. Sampling 9. Probability 10. Basics of Inferential Statistics 11. One-Group Inferential Statistics 12. Two-Group Inferential Statistics 13. Critiquing Education and Social Science Research Answer Key		Module 6: Research Designs This section assesses knowledge and skills related to designs for quantitative research studies. Question 1: Surveys are used to answer what type of questions: status, associational, causal, or cost-benefit? A. Status and cost-benefit B. Causal and cost-benefit C. Status and association D. Associational and causal E. None of the above Question 2: Experimental and quasi-experimental designs are mainly used to answer what type of questions: status, associational, causal, or cost-benefit? A. Status B. Associational C. Causal D. Cost-benefit E. None of the above Question 3: What feature most distinguishes experimental designs from other designs? Experimental design has: A. Random sampling of subjects B. A control group C. Pre- post-measures D. Random assignment of subjects to experimental treatment(s) and to a control condition E. None of the above Question 4: What is essential for random assignment to treatment and control conditions? A. That the subjects be matched before assignment B. That the two groups be equal after the assignment C. That all subjects have an equal chance of being assigned to any given condition D. That a random number table is used E. None of the above Question 5: What most distinguishes quasi-experimental designs from non-experimental or "pre-experimental" ones? The quasi-experimental designs have: A. Better controls against threats to validity B. More comprehensive reporting of results C. Random sampling D. Random intervals for the measurement E. None of the above Question 6: What does internal validity mean? A. The subjects' own perceptions agree with the study results B. The observed differences between groups are due to the treatments C. All the researchers involved in the study agree with the results D. All the subjects in a treatment group have about the same result E. None of the above Question 7: What does external validity mean? A. People, other than the researchers doing the study, judge it to be valid B. The results agree with those of other studies C. The results can be generalized beyond the subjects and the context of the experiment D. The results apply to the whole country or world E. None of the above Question 8: If it is hypothesized that a mentoring relationship will improve at-risk youths' social maturity, then the independent variable in that study would be? A. Mentoring B. Improvement C. At-risk youth D. Social maturity E. None of the above Question 9: If it is hypothesized that a mentoring relationship will improve at-risk youths' social maturity, then the dependent variable in that study would be? A. Mentoring B. Improvement C. At-risk youth D. Social maturity E. None of the above Question 10: If it is hypothesized that the effect of mentoring has positive effects on social development primarily by improving the youths' relationships with their parents or guardians, then the quality of that relationship would be considered what kind of variable? A. Independent B. Contextual C. Moderator D. Dependent E. None of the above Question 11: If it is hypothesized that mentoring will work better in urban areas than suburban or rural ones, then urban/suburban/rural would be considered what kind of variable? A. Independent B. Contextual C. Moderator D. Dependent E. None of the above