Glycolysis

View the 3-D version of this pathway.

Overall Reaction for the Pathway

Glucose + 2 ADP + 2 Pi + 2 NAD+ ---> 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H2O
Glucose
a-D-Glucose
ATP



ADP		 Mg++

Hexokinase
Glucose-6-phosphate
a-D-Glucose-6-phosphate
Phosphoglucoisomerase
Fructose-6-phosphate
b-D-Fructose-6-phosphate
ATP



ADP		 Mg++

Phosphofructokinase
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
b-D-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Aldolase
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Triose phosphate isomerase
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
NAD+ + Pi


NADH		 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
ADP


ATP		 Mg++

Phosphoglycerate kinase
3-Phosphoglycerate
3-Phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglycerate mutase
2-Phosphoglycerate
2-Phosphoglycerate
Mg++

Enolase
Phosphoenolpyruvate
Phosphoenolpyruvate
ADP


ATP		 Mg++

Pyruvate kinase
Pyruvate


Gibbs Free Energy Changes

Rxn#EnzymeDG°'
(kJ/mol)		 DG
(kJ/mol)
1Hexokinase -16.7-33.5
2Phosphoglucoisomerase +1.7-2.5
3Phosphofructokinase -14.2-22.2
4Aldolase +23.9-1.3
5Triose phosphate isomerase +7.6+2.5
6Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase		 +12.6-3.4
7Phosphoglycerate kinase -37.6+2.6
8Phosphoglycerate mutase +8.8+1.6
9Enolase +3.4-6.6
10Pyruvate kinase -62.8-33.4


The DG values are estimated from intracellular concentrations of glycolytic intermediates in rabbit skeletalmuscle. N.B., the DG values after reaction number 5 are doubled since two G-3-P molecules exist after reaction number 5. (Mathews p.459)
[The Metabolic Pathways of Biochemistry] - [Copyright © 1998 Karl J. Miller.]